Project Prisoner of the Caucasus in Literature. Presentation "Prisoner of the Caucasus

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TASK 2: Briefly highlight the main qualities that determine the appearance of the characters.

The main qualities of the heroes Zhilin Kostylin The presence of a big goal Selfishness Activity Irresponsibility Loyalty to duty Softness Loyalty to friendship Lack of will Ability to betray

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CROSSWORD

Horizontally: 1. What character trait should a person in captivity have? 2. “... left, you can’t do anything with one checker” 3. What feeling does Zhilin feel when he writes the wrong address on a letter? 4. What was the name of Zhilin's Tatars? 5. 6. What character trait that Kostylin does not have can be noted in Zhilin? 7. The main goal of Zhilin is in captivity. 8. An officer served in the Caucasus, “a heavy, fat man” 9. What was the name of the Tatars Kostylin? Vertically: 1. How does Kostylin make you feel? 2. Kostylin was both captured and escaped for Zhilin 3. Zhilin is characterized by activity, Kostylin ... 4. What does Zhilin experience in relation to Kostylin during the escape? 5. Zhilin fed her (whom) in advance

Caucasus

in life

and creativity

L.N. Tolstoy

Work completed

10 "A" class student

MKOU secondary school No. 6 settlement Zaterechny

Kislyakova Elena

Head - Krayushkina I.V.

HYPOTHESIS : The Caucasus had a great influence on the formation of the personality of Leo Tolstoy, which was reflected in his work

GOALS :

• find out the influence of being in the Caucasus on the worldview of L.N. Tolstoy,
• determine how the theme of the Caucasus is reflected in his work

METHODS : search for additional material, analysis, generalization.

MY RESEARCH:

• Leo Tolstoy's stay in the Caucasus.
• Interest in folklore and everyday life of Caucasians.
• Caucasian cycle of his work.

CONCLUSION:

I FOUND OUT :

In the forties of the 19th century - during the rise of Russian democratic thought - Tolstoy came to the Caucasus as a young officer. He lived in Chechnya from May 1851 to January 1854 - almost constantly among Chechens and Cossacks, among whom he made many friends. In the diaries and letters of this period, there is evidence of Tolstoy's deep interest in the life of the Chechens. He sought to "understand the spiritual structure of the local peoples", their manners and customs, and make his own judgments.

Tolstoy undoubtedly looked back and regarded Pushkin and Lermontov as his predecessors. He spoke about love for the Caucasus in 1854 in terms that literally coincided with Lermontov’s poems (from the introduction to Izmail Bey): “I begin to love the Caucasus, although with a posthumous, but strong love.”

About the influence of the Caucasus on his life and work, Tolstoy wrote in 1859: “... It was both painful and good time. Never, neither before nor after, have I reached such a height of thought as at that time ... And everything that I found then will forever remain my conviction.

I FOUND OUT :

In 1852, he recorded two Chechen folk songs - from the words of his Chechen friends Sado Misirbiev and Balta Isaev. He later used these and other records in his works.

In December 1852, Tolstoy sent from the Caucasus to the St. Petersburg magazine Sovremennik, progressive in the most popular magazine of that time, his first military story, The Raid. Prior to that, the story "Childhood" was published in the September issue of the magazine. When Tolstoy's next Caucasian story, "The Cutting of a Forest," appeared in Sovremennik, the editor of the journal, N. A. Nekrasov, wrote to I. S. Turgenev; "Do you know what it is? These are sketches of various types of soldiers (and partly officers), that is, a thing hitherto unknown in Russian literature. And how good!"

I DEFINITED:

During the years of service in the Caucasus, Tolstoy paid much attention to the collection and promotion of North Caucasian oral folk art, the publication of Chechen folklore.

Love for the Caucasus, a deep interest in the peculiarities of the life of the highlanders are reflected in many of Tolstoy's works.

Tolstoy's reflections on the fate of the highlanders formed the basis of the Caucasian cycle of his work ("The Raid. A Volunteer's Story", "Cutting a Forest. A Junker's Story", "From Caucasian Memories. Degraded", "Notes of a Marker", "Notes about the Caucasus. Trip to Mamakay- Yurt").

In the Caucasus, Tolstoy saw war and people at war with his own eyes. Here he learned how peasant life can be arranged without serfdom from the landowner.

I DEFINITED:

In the Caucasian stories, the general view of the writer on life, on war in the world was formed - in other words, the philosophy of being, embodied in artistic images. War and peace are sharply contrasted, and war is condemned because it is destruction, death, separation of people, their enmity with each other, with the beauty of the whole "God's world."

In the Caucasus, Tolstoy's philosophy of love and self-sacrifice was first developed - and these are the most cherished feelings of a Russian person.

CONCLUSION: GENERAL CONCLUSION -

The Caucasus had a great influence on the formation of the views of the writer and was reflected in his work.

RESOURCES:

• http://elbrusoid.org/content/liter_theatre/p137294.shtml - Songs of the highlanders
• Independent newspaper dated 06/01/2001 Original: http://www.ng.ru/style/2001-06-01/16_song.html
• "Tales and stories" LN Tolstoy, Moscow, "Fiction", 1981, a series of "Classics and contemporaries".
• "Leo Tolstoy", an essay on life and work; K.N. Lomunov, 2nd edition, Moscow, ed. "Children's Literature", 1984
• K. Kuliev "The poet is always with people", M., 1986

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The theme "Caucasus" can be seen in many artistic and literary works. Writers, artists, poets came to the Caucasian Mineralnye Vody to rest and be treated, and this did not go unnoticed. In Pyatigorsk, Kislovodsk and other cities of the CMS there are not only monuments to M.Yu. Lermontov, A.S. Pushkin, L.N. Tolstoy, but also the places where they stayed during their stay there. These places are very attractive to tourists and residents of the city.

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Monument to Leo Tolstoy in Pyatigorsk

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Near the entrance to the Flower Garden, on the sunny side of the boulevard, there is a large building with a columned portico. This is the oldest public building in Pyatigorsk and the first capital building in the CMS.
Emperor Nicholas I, generals I. F. Paskevich and G. A. Emanuel, Persian prince Khosrov-Mirza, writers Pushkin, M. Yu. Lermontov, A. A. Bestuzhev-Marlinsky, L. N. Tolstoy, stayed in this building, V. G. Belinsky, composer M. A. Balakirev, many famous travelers and figures of culture, science and art of the XIX century. Twice a week, on Thursdays and Sundays, from 8 to 12 pm noble gatherings with music and dances were held in the Restaurant. Sometimes visiting musicians and artists performed here. One of the rooms bore the gloomy name of chambre infernale ("hellish room"), in which there was a gambling card game for money. Expensive residential rooms were rented for no more than 5 days.
Government restaurant (30 Kirov Ave.)

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In January 1943, during the liberation of Pyatigorsk from occupation, the building was badly damaged by a fire, which killed part of the institute's richest library, the archives of the CMV and the city. A major overhaul was carried out in 1953-1955 according to the project of the architect I. G. Shamvritsky. At the same time, the architectural appearance of the building was somewhat changed. The building was expanded and enlarged, new walls, cornices and parts of the columns were made. The internal layout was adapted to the needs of the library and departments of the former institute, which was called the Scientific Research Institute of Balneology, located in it.

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Theater House (Brothers Bernardazzi St., 4)
Many residents of Pyatigorsk still remember the Rodina wide-screen cinema near Tsvetnik, one of the most visited cinema halls in the city of the past century. The nondescript building keeps the memory of the distant past, as it was the very first theater building in the CMV. The theater life of Pyatigorsk began with the opening of the State restaurant, where visiting artists and musicians began to perform at noble meetings. However, there was no special hall intended for the performances of theater troupes for a long time.
For the first ten years, a visiting drama troupe of Stavropol actors performed in the theater every season, the repertoire of which consisted of new plays by N. A. Ostrovsky. In the summer of 1853, a concert was held here by the Danish cellist Elsa Christiani, attended by the young Leo Tolstoy.
Later, the cinema "Coliseum" again worked here, which received the patriotic name "Motherland" in the pre-war period. It operated until the 1990s, when it was closed for major repairs designed by A. S. Kikhel. Now the former cinema building is occupied by the Colosseum nightclub.

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...I'll go to the park in the morning
Here is what Tolstoy wrote in his diary on September 12, 1853: “Tomorrow morning I will go to the park and think over the chapter of the Fugitive. I'll write it before lunch. This entry is very exciting for everyone who writes about Tolstoy's stay in Pyatigorsk. Based on it, they, repeating each other, claim that the park was the site of the creation of a considerable part of the work known to us as the story "The Cossacks", that Tolstoy "loved to walk in the shade of this park and work on the plans and plots of his works."
What park do you mean? Well, of course, the one that today is called the Park of Culture and Leisure named after S. M. Kirov. There is no other, like, in Pyatigorsk! It got to the point that a few years ago, on the day of May 1 (!), the local history community solemnly opened a memorial plaque placed at the main entrance to this park - it contains those notorious lines from the diary.

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This is interesting

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I would like to ask: is the full text of Lev Nikolayevich's diaries known to the initiators of the creation of the board? It seems that hardly. In this case, they would have read the entry made the next day, September 13, when, in their opinion, under the canopy of the park trees, the magic lines of the future Cossacks were born: these faces are unknown to the writer's biographers)… Then came the idea of ​​Marker's Notes, surprisingly good. I wrote, went to see the Meeting, and again wrote Marker's Notes. So, in a completely different way, it turned out with Lev Nikolayevich! And he was not in the park, and he did not think about The Fugitive. True, he worked that day with inspiration. But still, "Notes of the Marker" - not "Cossacks", which he continued to think about, but on other days and in other places.

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And now about the park. According to the dictionary of the Russian language, a park is called "a large garden, a grove with alleys, flower beds, ponds, etc." In the middle of the century before last, our current park was not like that. It was a nursery founded in the early 30s - its purpose is indicated by the name given in the report of the Construction Commission dated June 7, 1845: “A government garden with schools of flowers, vines, fruit and various genera of broad-leaved bushes and trees for seating in public gardens and flower beds. There were no alleys, ponds, decorative flower beds there yet. This is confirmed by the plan of Pyatigorsk, drawn up in the 50s. There, the green massif in the Podkumka floodplain looks like a continuous mass of landings, crossed by a single straight path. Yes, and it was called, as we can see, officially "Treasury Garden" or "Gardening School", and in the conversations of Pyatigorsk residents and visitors "Treasury Garden". The word "garden" in its name almost remained until the middle of the twentieth century. Even in the 1920s, when this green area had long been actually a park - with alleys, flower beds, ponds and fountains - it was called either the May 1 Spa Garden or the Karl Liebknecht Spa Garden. The status of the park was given to the garden in the mid-30s. And only in 1952 it officially began to be called a park. And if Tolstoy wanted to visit the Treasury Garden, he would not write “I will go”, but “I will go”, because he was behind the city. It is even less likely that Lev Nikolaevich arbitrarily renamed the garden into a park - he was usually quite accurate in designating the places of his stay. In that case, what kind of park can we talk about?

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Elizabethan flower garden (beginning of Kirov Ave.)
At the beginning of Kirov Avenue, on the sides of a huge staircase leading to the Academic Gallery, there is an old flower garden overgrown with low trees and shrubs. It is a historical corner of Pyatigorsk.

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Emanuelevsky Park (near the Academic Gallery)
Above the Academic Gallery and along the slopes of the Aeolian Mountain to Lermontovskaya Street, the oldest Pyatigorsk park is widely spread, which bears the name of its founder, General of the Cavalry Georgy Arsenyevich Emanuel (1775-1837), the hero of the Patriotic and Caucasian wars.

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Most of the winding paths, strewn with fine sand, between the two main springs were lined with vines of climbing grapes on frames that were woven over the heads of pedestrians. There are flower beds between the paths with benches. Of the planted trees, young oaks and ash trees predominated. Initially, the top of the Hot Mountain was the best observation platform in the garden, and then the Aeolian Harp arbor. The new garden was surrounded by wicker wattle and high stone walls. During the creation of the garden, side mineral springs were discovered, which were named Averin, Nelyubin, Tobias, George and Achilles. These keys were trimmed with hewn stone in the form of beautiful water cascades. Georgievsky spring was named after General Georgy Emanuel. The Tovievsky spring got its name in honor of the governor of the Alexander Nevsky Lavra, Archimandrite Tobias (Tikhon Moiseev), who was successfully treated by him in the summer of 1828. At the same time, a wooden arbor with benches was arranged next to this key for the archimandrite. Subsequently, the baths arranged in the left wing of the Elizabethan Gallery were named after this source, popular among the people. In 1832, the new public garden was named Emanuelevsky. This garden and its attractions (Aeolian harp, grottoes, etc.) became the place where the events of Lermontov's story "Princess Mary" unfolded.

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In the autumn of 1853, young Leo Tolstoy sometimes came to this shady park, creating chapters of the stories "Boyhood" and "Cossacks". So, in his diary dated September 12, 1853, he wrote: “Tomorrow morning I will go to the park, I will think over the chapter ...”.

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This vast garden is now known to all Pyatigorsk residents as the City Park of Culture and Leisure named after S. M. Kirov.
Treasury Garden (Dunaevskogo St., 5)

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Diana's Grotto (Flower Garden Park)
In the southern part of the Flower Garden park there is a cool shady grotto called Diana's Grotto. This is one of the oldest and most famous sights of Pyatigorsk. In the 1810s, a footpath with stairs began from here, leading to the main Alexander baths on Goryachaya Gora.
In the summer of 1829, General G. A. Emanuel undertook a military expedition to the foot of Elbrus. The military and scientific expedition to the foot of Elbrus was a success. But its most unexpected result was the first officially recorded ascent of a man on Elbrus. Probably, Emanuel planned to return to the camp at the foot of Elbrus in the near future. However, the difficulties associated with the delivery of slabs to remote places prompted the idea of ​​installing them on Hot Waters, constructing an artificial triumphal grotto here in the form of Mount Elbrus. However, General Emanuel suddenly abandoned the "two-headed peak" and soon ordered the new building to be called Diana's grotto. According to ancient myths, the goddess Diana preferred on hot days after bathing to rest in shady grottoes.

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Ermolovskie baths (pr. Kirova, 21)
The building made of pine beams on a stone foundation had the shape of a cross in plan, the ends of which were decorated with wide pediments. In the center of the iron roof was a belvedere. The building had many high semi-circular windows. Spacious galleries adjoined the north and south facades. A convenient highway was built to it along the slope of the mountain for the entrance of patients in carriages (now it passes over the grotto of Diana).

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Mikhailovskaya Gallery (Gagarin Boulevard, 2)
Among the trees of the ancient park behind the Academic Gallery is an extended structure with fancy windows and turrets. In 1824, a small "sulfur-salt" spring of a pinkish hue and with a taste of fresh milk, beating up with a gurgling fountain from a hole in travertine, Dr. F. P. Conradi began to recommend for drinking and gave it the name Mikhailovsky, in honor of Grand Duke Mikhail Pavlovich (1798 -1849), younger brother of the then Emperor Alexander I.

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On the Kabardian settlement No. 252
Tolstoy reports this address of his residence in a letter to his beloved aunt, T. Ergolskaya. The address, as we can see, is extremely accurate, and, at first glance, finding the house where the writer rented an apartment is not at all difficult.
There were a lot of people who wanted to, especially among visitors with low incomes - apartments in the settlement were much cheaper than in the city center. Well, living conditions have improved over time. As we know, Lev Nikolaevich anticipated Vereshchagin's advice, because he did not have a lot of money. He describes his dwelling in the following way in the story “What happened to Bulka in Pyatigorsk”: “The city itself stands on a mountain, and under the mountain there is a settlement. I lived in this settlement, in a small house. The house stood in the yard and there was a garden in front of the windows, and in the garden stood the master's bees - not in logs, as in Russia, but in round wicker baskets. So, where was this house? Unfortunately, the current order of designating houses that have their own numbers on each street does not coincide with the old one, when all houses in the city had a single numbering. Therefore, finding the number 252 today seems absolutely impossible. Most local historians only point out that Tolstoy lived at the very foot of Mount Goryachaya and that, allegedly, snowy mountains on the horizon were visible from his courtyard. And the well-known L. Polsky, who was more thoroughly engaged in the search for this house, adds that he was supposedly located “near the bridge over Podkumok, on Teplosernaya Street.”

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Elizabethan Gallery (Beginning of Kirov Ave.)
At the very beginning of Kirov Avenue, in the gully between the Mikhailovsky spur and Goryachaya Gora, there is an extended white-stone arched building of the Academic Gallery, which fits well into the surrounding rocky landscape from a distance, and looks like a long bridge or aqueduct from above. The very first drinking spring of the resort was once located here.
By the time Tolstoy arrived in Pyatigorsk, on the site of the Elizabethan spring, instead of a linen canopy for festivities, the magnificent building of the Elizabethan Gallery appeared.

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House of Dr. Drozdov (Kirov Ave., 9)
At the beginning of Kirov Avenue, two houses below the Pushkin Baths, there is one of the oldest residential buildings in Pyatigorsk, on the wall of which there is a memorial plaque about the visit of the young Count Leo Tolstoy to this house.

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In the summer of 1853, Drozdov's patient was the young cadet Count L. N. Tolstoy, the future world-famous writer. He visited the Drozdovs' house and played pieces for four hands on the piano with their daughter. Leaving Pyatigorsk, Tolstoy presented the doctor Drozdov with a telescope. Later, Claudia Drozdova, in marriage Lubomirskaya, became a famous pianist. After the death of the Drozdovs, the house passed to the former tenant of the state-owned restaurant, Karuta from Odessa. He built a new building in the courtyard of the house with furnished rooms, which in the 1880s were very popular among visitors to the Waters. At the end of the 19th century, Princess E. I. Sultan-Girey owned the house. After the revolution, a number of communal apartments were arranged in the buildings of the former Drozdov estate. The old house is now privately owned. In 1988, a memorial plaque was erected on the wall of the house in memory of Leo Tolstoy's visit to it. It was planned to arrange a local Tolstoy museum here.

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On November 10 (23), 1910, the writer was buried in Yasnaya Polyana, in the forest, on the edge of a ravine, where, as a child, he and his brother searched for a "green stick" that kept the "secret" of how to make all people happy.
Tolstoy Lev Nikolaevich (1828 - 1910) Russian writer, prose writer, count.

Lev Nikolayevich Tolstoy 1828-1910

Zhilin and Kostylin -

two different characters

Prisoner of the Caucasus

How will we work in the classroom

• Read carefully
• Write competently
• Speak clearly and accessible
• listen carefully

Upbeat

Ready to co-create

lines of the writer's biography, the content of part 1 of the story, what is the antithesis

analyze what they read, express their thoughts, evaluate the actions of the characters, work in a group

Getting ready for work

Charging for the brain Why is the story called "Prisoner of the Caucasus"?

The action of the story takes place in the mountains of the Caucasus

Tolstoy hints that Zhilin was captured not only physically, but also mentally

Why in the lesson devoted to the story of L. Tolstoy, are there images of A. Pushkin, M Lermontov? Get the error!

The theme of cruelty and war is of great importance in creativity.

The great writer Leo Tolstoy grew up in Yasnaya Polyana near Moscow

In the same place in his house, he organized a school for peasant children.

The story “Prisoner of the Caucasus” was written for adults

In his Caucasian stories, Tolstoy embellishes, depicting mountaineers

Tolstoy respected the mountain peoples, and their customs and way of life

He believed that the enmity between nations would continue

story story

Lev Tolstoy

and Sado Meserbiev - two kunak

Lexical work

captured, captive

Antithesis -

Prisoner -

Captivate -

this opposition

1) seize, 2) seduce, attract, subdue

captured, captive

1) what actually happened, actually happened

2) a story about a real event, incident

Flight of an eagle Fizminutka for the eyes

Thank you charger!

Eyes are ok

Comparative characteristics of Zhilin and Kostylin Group work

• Describe how the trip of Zhilin and Kostylin begins
• Analyze, as appearance, the names of Zhilina and Kostylin help to understand the character of the characters.
• compare, how Zhilin and Kostylin behave when they notice the Tatars
• Argument, Is it good or bad that Zhilin and Kostylin decide to break away from the convoy

How can you explain why two people behave differently under the same conditions?

Five lines or cinquain

Kostylin

• 1 noun
• 2 adjectives
• 3 verbs
• 4-word phrase expressing attitude to the topic
• 1 word is a synonym for the first word

Discuss the work in groups, choose one that is most interesting

Reflection How did we work in the lesson? What did I understand from reading the chapters of the story? How do I evaluate the actions of heroes? What have we learned? Internet resources http://fanread.ru/img/g/?src=11235040&i=260&ext=jpg http://www.a4format.ru/index_pic.php?data=photos/4194dd05.jpg&percenta=1.00 http://museumpsk.wmsite.ru/_mod_files/ce_images/111/498750_photoshopia.ru_251_zaron_p._a._s._pushkin_na_severnom_kavkaze.jpg https://a.wattpad.com/cover/25475816-368-k327538.jpg https://a.wattpad.com/cover/49226435-368-k629910.jpg http://www.krimoved-library.ru/images/ka2002/1-3.jpg http://rostov-text.ru/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/sado.jpg https://static.life.ru/posts/2016/07/875153/35fc09a2dae9b33985e6472f3a8a2bca__980x.jpg http://s1.iconbird.com/ico/2013/6/355/w128h1281372334739plus.png http://www.iconsearch.ru/uploads/icons/realistik-new/128x128/edit_remove.png http://feb-web.ru/feb/lermenc/pictures/lre166-1.jpg http://www.planetaskazok.ru/images/stories/tolstoyL/kavkazskii_plennik/53.jpg http://russkay-literatura.ru/images/stories/rus-literatura/lev_tolstoj_kavkazskij_plennik_byl.jpg http://www.planetaskazok.ru/images/stories/tolstoyL/kavkazskii_plennik/50.jpg