Drawing with a pencil for children. Teaching children to draw a person: simple diagrams and recommendations

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I haven't written anything on the blog for a long time. And, of course, there are reasons for this. Firstly, we began to actively engage in our workshop: we make wooden toys, children's decor, sometimes furniture, and of course, we take care of all organizational matters. It takes a lot of energy and almost all inspiration. Secondly, our girls have grown up and don’t really fit into the format of thematic weeks, because most day they are in the kindergarten, where they study a lot, play and communicate with children. After the garden, I want to play with homemade toys, draw, walk, read fairy tales, watch movies with the whole family or bake cookies. Thirdly, we will soon go to school, but not to a simple one, but to a small and private one, which we organize ourselves;) We open in a month. If you are interested, you can read about our school at the link (text in Ukrainian). And this school takes the remaining inspiration and strength.

So, lesson 1. Aerial perspective.

Who is not an artist from the word at all - do not be afraid :) In fact, all this is very simple, interesting and exciting, but like everything else in the world, it has its own terminology, but the terms almost always sound scary (at least for me).

So what is “aerial perspective”?

This is when you look into the distance and what is closer to the horizon seems lighter, and what is closer to you has more saturated colors.

From the dictionary:

aerial perspective – Blurring or loss of clarity of the outlines of distant objects caused by the atmosphere. The effect occurs due to the disappearance of color and the contrast of brightness between distant objects and the background.

Here are examples of aerial perspective:

To explain to a child what aerial perspective is, it is enough to show examples and draw his attention to those objects that are far away and those that are close - the difference is very noticeable.

And now let's start drawing!

We will need:

paint (gouache, acrylic, in principle, watercolor is also possible) in three colors - white, yellow and blue,
brush,
our drawing blank,
jar of water,
palette or white plate,
paper napkins to wipe something or blot the brush if necessary.

Drawing order:

Mixing on the palette white paint and blue for a very light shade. This will be the color of the sky.
We offer the child to color only the sky.
Then you need to paint the clouds with white, and the sun with yellow.
Mix white and blue again (or add more blue paint to the last batch) to get a light shade that is a little more saturated than the color of the sky.
We color in a row of mountains that are closest to the sky.
We repeat the kneading, adding more blue and coloring the next row of mountains.
The very front row - hills and trees - color in pure blue or add quite a bit to it white color at your discretion.
Everything! Drawing mountains using the principle aerial perspective ready!

And here is how our mountains turned out:

Hello!

Children make us rejoice and smile, and cheerful and curious kids touch the eyes of even the most serious adults. Children are a very popular topic in the visual arts, because it is so natural to draw something that delights. Today's lesson is devoted to how to draw a child in which we will study the proportions of the body depending on the child's age.

Rules for building a portrait

First, let's deal with the features of building the head, because the proportions baby face significantly different from the proportions of an adult.

The skull in relation to the face occupies a much larger part than in adults. Forehead in relation to the face is much greater than that of an adult.
In adults eyes are on the center horizontal line. In children, eyebrows are placed on this line, and the eyes are still much lower.
Chin, jaw, cheekbones and bridge of the nose children are not yet fully developed, so they stand out much less than adults.
Ears in humans, they are always placed in line with the eyes (above) and the base of the nose (below), children are no exception. Since the line of the eyes and nose is slightly shifted down, the ears are also placed a little lower.

For? to quickly and correctly build a baby's head, without going into details, it is enough to know one simple formula:

Human balance in motion

Proportions of the head depending on age

The older the baby, the closer the proportions of his head to the proportions of an adult. Let's analyze everything as the baby grows up, this will help you understand how to draw a child, depending on his age.

The illustration above shows the sequence of building two children's portraits. The first is just a baby, up to a year old, the second is a girl 3-4 years old. In babies up to a year, the proportions still correspond to the scheme above. In older children, the lines of the eyebrows, eyes, nose and mouth slowly shift upward until the eyes reach the center line, as in adults, a more expressive chin also appears.

In younger children school age these lines are displaced by about half, further almost equal to the proportions of adults.
Here is a clear illustration. Here is how to draw children aged 6-10 years old, the proportions of their faces have shifted to the top, and are very close to the proportions of adults. However, we are well aware that these are children. And there are a few little secrets here, which ones, read on.

Draw a human nose

Features of a child's portrait

A child's face can be very elongated or, conversely, very round, the proportions, depending on the shape of the skull and individual characteristics, can vary greatly.

What does baby portrait childish?

First of all, how big it seems to us Iris in relation to protein. How smaller kid the greater part of the eye is occupied by the iris.
The distance from the outer corner of the eye to the ear is greater than in adults (greater than the length of one eye).
Nose not yet formed, and therefore small and cute.

In addition to fairly simple rules for constructing a head, it is imperative to know and correctly show some anatomical features of children's faces:

Bridge of the nose in babies it is not yet formed and is slightly distinguished, it is rounded and much more recessed than in adults.
Cartilage nose also not formed yet. While it is much smaller than it will be when the baby grows up. Have you seen children with long noses? How less baby, the simpler the anatomy of his nose. Almost all children's noses are slightly upturned, snub-nosed. Then, gradually, some structural features are added to these spouts.
nostrils usually large, draw them at a fairly wide distance from each other. This is important so that your baby really looks like a child, and not an old man.
cheekbones they do not stand out in babies, because they are not sufficiently developed and well covered with chubby cheeks.
Sponges plump, in most cases the upper lip seems to hang over the lower one.
Chin also much smaller than in adults, it is not yet sufficiently developed, therefore it does not protrude forward, but rather is recessed under the lower lip.
Under the chin line, there are most often fat folds that visually lengthen the head and make the neck inconspicuous.

How the face (eye line) changes depending on the age of the child

Let's reiterate some very important points:

The smaller the child, the larger his eyes seem. The eyes of children are placed far enough apart, at least there is such a visual effect. If you draw the eyes close, the baby will be unsympathetic. The inner corners of the eyes are in line with the nostrils, and the bridge of the nose almost does not stand out.
The iris in children is fully formed and will no longer grow, while all other parts of the face are still undergoing development and growth. Therefore, on a small child's face, the eyes seem very large and expressive. From under the eyelids, we see most of the iris and very little of the white part of the eyeball.
In an adult, the distance between the eyes and ears is equal to the length of one eye, in children this distance is greater. As the child grows, this distance decreases.

Draw human ears

In full growth

child in full height we draw according to the same principles as an adult. We start from a primitive skeleton, build up muscles, add details.

There are two important points in building a child's figure:

the smaller the child, the shorter his legs in relation to his entire height
and the larger the head in relation to the whole figure

In newborn babies, the head occupies 1/4 of the height of his body, and the length of the legs is slightly more than a quarter of the baby's height.

As the baby grows, its proportions change. Basically, the legs and torso grow, while the size of the head changes very slightly. Below is a diagram that will help you find the correct proportions of the child's figure, according to his age.

Irina Khursulova

. Portrait painting is one of the most complex and significant genres visual arts. This is not just a reproduction of the features of a particular human, and understanding it inner world, the essence of his character, the uniqueness of his appearance; expression by the artist of his attitude to the depicted. No other genre of painting reveals man so how does it do portrait.

How teach a child to draw a portrait correctly? Every teacher has their own method. drawing a portrait. I teach children first draw a person's face step by step, with a simple pencil.

Using simple rules, draw a human almost everyone can face, even child. Perhaps not the first time, but with a strong desire, you will definitely be able to teach a child to draw a real portrait of a person.

Before starting work on portrait, it is recommended to prepare all necessary:

Paper;

Simple pencil.

1. Draw first thin lines face is oval.

2. For relief drawing exactly in the center draw a vertical line dividing portrait into two parts and two horizontal lines dividing it into 3 parts: forehead, eyebrows; eyes, nose; mouth, chin.

3. On the top line, draw arches-eyebrows.

4. Below are the eyes. The shape of the eyes consists of arcuate lines. In the middle, the iris and pupil are drawn. Do not forget draw eyelashes, on the upper eyelid they are longer than on the lower.

5. Drawing nose - nose in the middle, beginning at the eyebrows. Drawn with a smooth curved line. The crown of the nose is rounded and lateral are drawn wings of the nose and nostrils.

4. The mouth is below the nose. We draw the line of the mouth, on top of the upper lip - two arcuate lines, from below the lower lip - a large arcuate line.

Erase the extra lines with an eraser.

5. On the sides at the level of the nose, draw the ears, draw the shoulders.

6. Then the hair: short or long, straight or curly, wavy, with or without bangs, color.

Talent is given to everyone man by nature, only to develop any abilities you need to start from early childhood. By helping children learn to form images into images, you educators are doing them a great service. Drawing pencil step by step is not only interesting, but also very useful for young children. Good luck to you!

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In this article we want to talk about drawing with children from three to four years old. What do you need to keep in mind when drawing with children? How to make the activity fun and exciting? How and with what can you draw?

Let's try to find answers to these questions together.

How to organize a drawing lesson for children 3-4 years old?

Consider an activity. Play in your mind the entire sequence of what you and the child will do. Stock up on wet wipes, rags, so that if necessary they are at hand.
Give an example of what should be the result of the lesson. This can make it very easy to explain the material.
Take a doll, animal or cartoon character and use it to teach a class. Children will be happy to support the puppet teacher and help him.
Think about what photos, pictures, video and audio materials you can use in class. This will make your lesson fun and interesting.

The best drawing techniques in 3-4 years

Let's look at some drawing techniques for children 3-4 years old.

Hatching

The meaning of this technique is to paint over any area without getting out of the borders of the picture. Hatching is best done with a pencil or pen.

Have your child color the bunny gray.

bunny coloring page

fish coloring page

We paint the fox in red.

Shading

Shading is similar to hatching, but will be done with paints. The meaning is the same - to paint over a certain area. For example, it is very interesting to draw colorful circles with plastic cups and then paint them in the appropriate color.

lines

Straight, wavy, interrupted, spiral, etc. Here is an example of how you can draw the sky, grass and the sun with different lines.

points

This is one of the first techniques that children learn and the most beloved. Children can draw sand, rain, snow, flies, etc. with this technique. For example, you can decorate pineapple with dots using a brush.

Or draw a clover with cotton swabs.

Splashes and blots

If usually for splashes and blots it is considered something not neat, then in this technique everything is just the opposite. Here is an example beautiful butterfly from a blot. We made a splash different colors on paper, and then just folded it in half. However, to get a butterfly pattern, you need to practice a little in applying paint.

But such a monster can be made if you apply paint with large quantity water on a sheet of paper, and then blow on the drops of paint into a tube. Under air pressure, the drop will flow, leaving a mark on the sheet of paper.

An interesting slurry picture is obtained if you apply finger paints or gouache on a sheet of paper.

Then we press them with a transparent film.

By pressing on the paints with a film, you can see how the paints spread and mix. And as a result, we get an interesting pattern!

Watercolor over chalk drawing

The meaning of the technique is to draw a picture with white wax crayon or a candle on white paper. It won't be visible. Then, when a layer of watercolor is applied on top, the drawing begins to magically “appear”.

Kids will certainly be able to draw rain with horizontal lines.

Chalk drawing "Rain"

A real miracle when the spirals drawn in small pieces begin to appear.

Chalk drawing "Spirals"

You can draw fish in the same way, and then cut them out.

Chalk drawing "Fish"

Seals and stamps as a drawing technique

The meaning of the technique is that the drawing on a sheet of paper is applied not with a brush, but with a seal. Let's see what a child print can be made of: An amazing flower can be obtained if folded celery leaves are used for its application.

From the imprint of celery, a very beautiful rose is obtained.

A convenient stamp can be cut out of potatoes, for example, in the form of a leaflet.

Nature itself gives us ideas. If applied to a sprig of cauliflower green and brown paint, then the imprint of a cauliflower is very similar to a sprawling tree.

Stamp with a sponge for washing dishes. To do this, dip the sponge into the paint and apply the pattern to the paper.

An imprint of a rubber ball with thorns. Just like when working with a sponge, dip the ball into the paint and run it over a sheet of paper, getting a funny dotted print.

The mouth, eyes and ears made of paper will help to revive our drawing.

Finger drawings

You can use your fingers to draw points, lines, cover up a certain area. Here we have decorated the autumn tree with dotted movements.

You can simply smear the paint with your fingers, filling the selected contour.

Pen print drawing

The meaning of the technique is to make amazing picture, adding a few extra strokes to the print. For example, we can make green prints and add orange rectangles to them - we get a carrot.

Drawing from prints "Carrot"

Or glue toy eyes to the print and draw a mouth - you get a real goldfish.

Drawing from the print "Fish"

A very touching picture drawn with the palms and fingers of the "nest". Children will be able to draw birds, as well as find out with what love a mother bird hatches testicles and feeds her children.

Drawing with palms and hands "nest"

Highly interesting way drawing is to draw something three-dimensional on a large poster or reverse side unwanted wallpapers. This way you can do group work.

We looked at several drawing techniques for children aged 3 to 4 years. However, things can go wrong. Paint can spill, water can overturn, clothes get dirty. Try not to get upset or upset the child. Believe - next time everything will work out! A lot just comes with experience.

See how you can draw a hedgehog with a child:

Many people think that drawing is an artistic "science" that is not subject to everyone. In fact, the craving for art awakens in a person as early as early childhood, however, without a certain development of abilities, it weakens over the years.

So is it possible to teach a child to draw, especially if they were born who do not know how to do this? When to start studying proccess and from what exactly? Finally, is it necessary to send the baby to an art school or a drawing circle in the future?

At what age do children start drawing?

Children begin to be interested in drawing quite early, taking an example from their parents, brothers and sisters, who write something on paper. However, in general sense the craving for drawing is manifested in babies aged 1 to 1.5 years.

And if at first the child’s drawings are more like a doodle-doodle, then closer to 5 years (and up to 15 years), an actively developing fantasy helps kids create real masterpieces on paper.

The benefits of drawing for child development

Rate all positive sides drawing in childhood is almost impossible - its influence on kids is so huge that the development of the entire personality of the child falls under the "sight".

In a general sense, drawing:

forms in the baby a sincere sense of beauty and a desire to create something beautiful;
develops the mind and imagination of the baby and helps to master new "tools" for understanding the world: felt-tip pens, brushes, pencils;
the child learns to convey surrounding objects with his paintings and at the same time is engaged in useful work.

Where to start?

The first drawing lessons can take place already when the baby learns to hold objects in his hands. At this point, mom can hand him pencils and help him draw a simple line on paper.

Let it be not quite even and even “move out” from the album to the table. It is much more important that the child understands that his “manipulations” can subsequently turn into something really beautiful!

Pencils or markers?

Giving pencils to kids without adult supervision is not worth it so that they do not accidentally get hurt by them. However, under vigilant supervision, children can draw with felt-tip pens and a brush - especially since they make the first samples of the "pen" with the help of coloring books.

Who will refuse to draw the hero of your favorite book, the finished image of which lies in front of you on paper? It's hard to make a mistake and do something wrong!

And what exactly?

Some people find that pencils or thin felt-tip pens are not very convenient to use. At least for kids of two years old: their lead often breaks, and the rod is pressed inward.

However, only by giving the child the opportunity to choose something of his own from the variety of options will you help him find his favorite "tool" for drawing.

Paints or crayons?

A two-year-old kid can draw with almost everything: with finger paints and bold felt-tip pens - on paper, with bright crayons - right on the asphalt or board. It is generally most convenient to draw with the latter, since they are soft, and the lines behind them leave clear.

It will be a little more difficult to master gouache and paints, because they imply not only the desire to sculpt something, but also a certain creative technique.

A miracle of technology!

AT recent times shops began to sell absolutely amazing things for drawing: a set for creativity with glitter on velvet paper or amazing felt-tip pens that a kid can blow into. And it's truly wonderful!

Drawing lessons for kids from 2 to 4 years old

It is necessary to teach a child who is 2-3 years old to draw from mastering the simplest techniques. At the same time, it is very important to be attentive to the needs of the baby to create and not to make fun of his diligent scratching with a pencil on paper.

The condescending attitude of adults to children's drawings leads to the fact that the child may consider drawing an empty occupation and refuse it.

What will be required?

Take bright colors, paper (than bigger size there will be sheets, the better), good brushes, a soft sponge and a glass of water. It is best to dress in something that is not a pity to get dirty - even a purchased apron for drawing will not save you from stains when young artist only 3-4 years!

How much time to devote to classes?

You need to teach a kid to draw for 10-20 minutes 2-3 times a week so that he does not get tired, but the craving for fine arts is not lost in the end.

Techniques for developing drawing skills

the freedom of action

For this lesson, white glossy paper is taken and watercolor paints. Have your little one dip the brush into the paint can and drip directly onto the paper! The bizarre patterns with which it spreads will look like magical pictures!

Sponge, not Bob

For this lesson, gouache is taken and big leaf paper. Have the child dip their pen into the paint and wring it out a little. Let him leave a “signature” on the sheet with his hand, and with a sponge rolled into a roll, make the final artistic “touches” next to it.

In a similar way, you can draw on paper and with your fingers: dilute the gouache with water so that it turns into “sour cream”, and pour it onto a plate. Using a wide brush, apply paint to the baby's fingers and ask them to leave their autograph on the sheet.

Wet style

A thick and large sheet of paper should be wetted under water for a couple of seconds. Now put it on a tray and invite your child to paint watercolors on it. Given the condition of the surface, the paint will spread on it, mix and create amazing “wet” patterns.

Scarlet flower

To teach a child to draw something really memorable, you can do this: dip the child’s finger in green color and, holding his hand, hold the stem along with him on paper. A handprint will act as a bud, and in the end you will get a wonderful flower!

This technique can be successfully used to depict other objects. Try to use it to depict a tree or a cheerful giraffe with a baby.

Drawing lessons with children over 4 years old

The age of four is a fertile time for mastering more complex drawing techniques. Already during this period, it is worth sending the baby to art school, but if for some reason this does not work out, you can teach him to draw by yourself.

Together is more fun

Get ready for the fact that you will have to do this together, since it is from your drawings that he will take correct example. Try to draw brightly, specifically and not be distracted by too small details.

Tell about everything

Accompany the drawing process fascinating story so that the child understands what you are doing.

Master the figures

The most important thing is to teach the kid to draw geometric figures, which will become the basis of the desired images, regardless of whether it is an animal or a person.

How to draw a tree?

At 4 years old, you need to start with a simple one: with an ordinary green Christmas tree, which is cold in winter.

We attach below step by step instructions to create an "artistic" tree and a picture - so that the child understands the principle of work.

We draw a line on the sheet leading from top to bottom. We draw slightly curved lines from it, which will be the branches of our Christmas tree.
Now we will try to “outline” these lines with needles: as shown in the figure. When all the branches become fluffy, paint over the Christmas tree in green.

Similarly, you can depict a birch and other types of trees.

Learn to draw animals

Draw a hedgehog

Draw the needles of a hedgehog on paper using a zigzag, and then add ears to it.

Connect them with an oval to make a head.

Draw the hedgehog's nose, eyes and mouth and reward the hedgehog with a belly.

Draw his legs and arms.

It remains to draw the needles as shown in the picture. The hedgehog is ready!

Draw a donkey

Drawing a donkey on paper is also much easier than you thought.

We perform the following steps step by step:

We draw a simple oval on paper, then divide it with a line into two parts, in the upper of which we draw the eye of a donkey, and in the lower - nostrils and mouth.
Now we attach the ears to the donkey, drawing two “cucumbers” on the sheet. Just below the head, draw another oval - this will be the torso of the donkey, which we will connect to the head with two "neck" lines.
Now you need to add legs to the animal, drawing them at the bottom of the body, and a real tail, placing it on the side.

Donkey is ready! It remains to color it as fantasy tells!

Draw a cat and a dog

In the same way, you can draw a cat and a dog. Step by step technique The cat image is shown in the following picture:

The main thing: to make it clear to the baby that drawing animals is not difficult, if we take geometric shapes as a basis (in this case, these are circles and semicircles) and show a bit of imagination.

In the same way, you can draw a dog:

How to draw a person?

How to teach a child to draw a man? Not as easy as you would like, but not as difficult as it seems. Begin!

Scheme of the image of a man in full growth

1. Draw an oval and a rectangle on the sheet (as shown in the picture), and then attach them with a line to each other. We finish the little man's legs and arms with fingers.

2. Then add two lines to the arms to make them appear thicker. We will do the same with the legs. Now let's draw a person's ears (two semicircles on the sides) and make a hairstyle.

3. A person's face deserves special attention, but drawing his features - mouth, nose and eyebrows, will be easy if you first look at the drawing. We add a neck to the person and finish drawing a shirt with a collar.

5. We draw him trousers and boots, draw palms. There is nothing left: erase the auxiliary lines, outline the contours and decorate the person.

Draw a human figure in motion and a face

Similarly, you can depict a person in motion or draw a portrait of him. The step by step process is detailed in the following picture:

Drawing circle: when and why?

By the age of 6, a preschooler who is actively involved in drawing already knows how to create with paints and pencils. If his drawings differ significantly from the work of his peers (in better side), give the preschooler to the circle so that an experienced teacher continues to work with him.

To choose a good circle, it is enough to find out if there is one in your area private school or House of Creativity. Very often, ordinary art teachers conduct such classes right in schools (without age restrictions).

Individual lessons

If you want a child at the age of 6 to create professionally, give it to individual lessons. Their advantages are that:

the teacher visits you at a convenient time;
you choose the program in which the child will study (for example, drawing portraits);
Lessons are paid according to the fact of the lesson.

Cons individual lessons there are also: they are not cheap, and finding a good teacher is not easy.

Summing up

Any way to teach a child to draw is good - both at 1 year old and at 5 years old, because it develops imagination and allows you to spend a little more time with your baby.

At the same time, it is not so important whether you strictly follow a certain methodology or independently develop an individual art program. It is important that these activities are interesting for the child and are varied.

And even if a real artist does not grow out of your baby in the future, drawing lessons will still have a beneficial effect on his development and the correct perception of the world around him.