Exhibition of military uniforms in the museum. Museum of military uniforms
The Museum of Military Uniforms is one of the newest in Moscow; it was opened in 2017 by the Russian Military Historical Society (RVIO). Thanks to the combination of classic museum work and modern technology, the institution is quickly gaining popularity among Muscovites and guests of the capital. Another attractive feature of the museum was the location: the expositions are located in the Turgenev-Botkin estate in the center of Moscow - this is a historical building, an architectural monument.
The key task of the Museum of military uniforms is to visualize the history of the Russian army, to tell about the history of Russia and the Russian armed forces through the prism of front-line and ceremonial military clothing. The creators of the museum managed to achieve maximum visibility and immersion in the wonderful world of the Russian army.
The museum has two permanent exhibitions, temporary exhibitions, scientific and historical conferences, meetings with writers, historians, and reenactors are regularly held here.
Permanent exhibitions of the Military Uniform Museum
Rescued Relics
"Saved Relics" is the first exposition of the Museum of military uniforms. During the inspection of the exhibition, visitors will get acquainted with the uniforms of soldiers, officers and senior army ranks of the 18th-19th centuries.
In 2017, the Saved Relics exposition was given a memorial status: this is how the Museum honored the memory of the head of the Department of Culture of the Ministry of Defense A.N. museum. It was from this collection that the history of the Museum of military uniforms began.
The Quartermaster's Museum was established by Peter I, samples of domestic and foreign military clothing, prototypes and sewing patterns were sent to it for storage. In 1917 the museum was closed. Until 1932, the exhibits gathered dust and rotted in boxes in the Peter and Paul Fortress. Later, part of the collection was distributed to several museums, some of the exhibits ended up in theaters. By 1959, the lion's share of unique military suits was irretrievably lost.
In 2016, A. Gubankov decided to bring together the collections of the former Quartermaster's Museum. Specialists of the Russian Military Historical Society did a tremendous job, looking for exhibits throughout the country. Then large-scale restoration work was carried out.
In 2017, an exhibition of a miraculously saved collection opened in the newly created Museum of Military Uniforms, which was almost completely forgotten for 100 years.
Museum guests will see the military uniforms of Peter's regiments, grenadiers, hussars, soldiers of the Napoleonic army, gunners, dragoons, privates, etc.
Salvaged Relics: Two Ages of Glory
At the end of 2017, the second part of the Saved Relics exposition, Two Centuries of Glory, opened. At this exhibition you can see the military uniform of the Imperial Life Guards, the Life Cuirassiers of the Tsarevich Alexei regiment, the Pavlovsky, Preobrazhensky and Borodino regiments, the Nizhny Novgorod hussars, the grenadiers of the Winter Palace, etc. In addition, the exposition presents collections of knives and firearms.
A special place in the collection is occupied by the miraculously preserved non-commissioned officer's uniform of the Tengin Infantry Regiment: this is exactly the military uniform worn by M. Lermontov, it can be seen in the portraits of the poet.
The collection of miniatures by the artist A. Voronov and the exposition of historical costumes of the Mosfilm film studio will be of interest to the guests.
In total, the exhibition "Two Centuries of Glory" features more than 50 exhibits that clearly demonstrate the evolution of Russian military clothing from the time of Peter the Great to the last years of the Romanov dynasty.
Estate of the Turgenev-Botkins
The museum of military uniforms is located in an old mansion - the estate of the Turgenevs-Botkins. From 1803 to 1807 The estate was owned by the director of Moscow University Ivan Petrovich Turgenev. During this period of time, one of the most famous literary salons of the capital was formed in the mansion. N. Karamzin, V. Zhukovsky, the uncle of the great Russian poet A.S. Pushkin, V. L. Pushkin. Balls, social events, children's holidays were held here.
Turgenev died in 1807, and until 1832 the estate passed from hand to hand. Finally, it was bought at auction by a tea merchant, a great lover of the fine arts, Pyotr Kononovich Botkin. The mansion, already covered with literary glory, multiplied it to incredible heights. L. Tolstoy, I. Turgenev, N. Ogarev, M. Shchepkin and many others visited Botkin's evenings at different times.
In Soviet times, the house was equipped for communal housing, there were also nurseries and offices of state institutions.
In the 2000s, the scientific restoration of the Turgenev-Botkin estate was carried out. The facade was returned to its original appearance and the interiors were partially restored. The Moscow authorities handed over the building to the RVIO, which housed the historical expositions of the Museum of Military Uniforms.
located in the Shchelkovsky district of the Moscow region not far from the Bakhchivandzhi platform.
The museum of military uniforms was created on the basis of the collection of the Imperial Quartermaster's Museum, which existed before the revolution under the auspices of the Russian Emperor. The Supreme Decree ordered to collect both standard samples of military uniforms and experienced, experimental ones in order to "preserve samples of military uniforms for history."
2. During the revolution, the quartermaster's museum was partially looted and partially destroyed. The remains of the collection of the quartermaster's museum were transferred: partly to the museum of artillery, engineering troops and signal troops; partly to theaters and film studios; partly to the quartermaster's office of the Red Army, for use as models of military uniforms.
3. Regular units, and with them a single uniform, appeared under Peter I. Soldiers wore a caftan: in the infantry - green, and in the cavalry - blue, a single red cloth camisole, tricorn hats and a harness with a sword. The officers also relied on a scarf and a distinctive badge on the chest. Peter I attached great importance to the appearance of his soldiers, he made sure that they looked decent and at the same time had equipment suitable for battle. 
4. The exhibits presented in the museum tell about how the military uniform appeared and changed in Russia, which was proudly worn by many generations of defenders of the Fatherland. 
5. For a long time, the collection existed at the research laboratory of the military uniform of the commissary service of the Ministry of Defense and was shown only to specialists. Now the museum is open to anyone interested in military uniforms. 
6. The overwhelming majority of exhibits are historical originals. 
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8. Loops for orders and medals are visible on this uniform. 
9. The uniform of our army changed quite often, largely due to the enthusiasm of statesmen for European outfits. 
10. In the early Soviet times, the exposition was not good. Some exhibits were donated to other museums, others were donated to theaters and film studios. Much has been sold out. And what was left was put in boxes and locked in a warehouse. They were able to revive the museum only after the war, when the surviving rarities were returned to the Main Quartermaster Directorate. But only in 1985, the exhibits were placed in a modern heated building, equipped entirely by the rear services. 
11. In the local halls you will learn a lot of interesting things about everyday things and names familiar from childhood. For example, foragers for a long time were the only servicemen of the Russian army, to whose headdress a visor was attached. But not from force and not as a badge of distinction, but for purely practical purposes: it was believed that it was very convenient to measure oats for horses with such a hat. 
12. A uniform for a soldier has always been something more than just clothes. Not without reason, after all, upon dismissal from military service, the right to wear military uniforms was specifically stipulated by former military personnel. This was given importance as one of the types of encouragement and recognition of merit. 
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20. The history of the appearance of shoulder straps and epaulettes is interesting. Initially, epaulettes - dense metal plates - served as protection against saber strikes, and shoulder straps were convenient in that they protected the upper part of the uniform from rapid wear when the weapon was “on the shoulder”. In addition, they, as it were, fastened the rest of the uniform with themselves - a belt, a sling, backpack straps. The insignia on them appeared later. 
21. Stuffed horse Voroshilov named Mauser. 
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23. The museum has a large exposition of military uniforms and the post-revolutionary period.
Each cavalry regiment had its own cap color, and there were as many as 128 such regiments. 
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25. Standards for the Victory Parade. First option. 
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27. When on June 27, 1945, the Presidium of the USSR Supreme Council awarded Stalin the title of generalissimo, the question arose: what form should the commander-in-chief now wear? The development of a uniform for the owner of a unique military rank was entrusted to the head of the Logistics of the Armed Forces, General Khrulev. The sewn uniform was presented by the chief quartermaster of the Soviet army Drachev. Seeing the "outfit", Stalin winced. He did not like the numerous galloons, luxurious golden epaulettes and golden stripes on his trousers. Having put Drachev up, the leader told his subordinates that he did not want to look like a rooster or a porter from a restaurant. Those did not need to be explained twice: a few days later they presented a more modest uniform - a woolen tunic with a turn-down collar. He received the highest approval. Now both versions of the generalissimo's uniform can be seen in a single place - the Museum of Russian, Soviet and Foreign Uniforms of the Central Clothing Directorate of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation. 
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35. The museum has a large collection of awards from different countries. 
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Thanks to the MO press center military_press
for an interesting tour.
The museum is located on the territory of a military unit and is a "regime" object, and therefore it is necessary to apply for a visit in advance.
Due to the "fading" of exhibits from camera flashes, the museum has a certain light regime and photography by special order.
Museum of military uniforms (Moscow, Russia) - expositions, opening hours, address, phone numbers, official website.
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One of the newest addresses on the museum map of the capital, the Military Uniform Museum opened in February 2017 in the restored building of the historical estate of the Turgenevs - Botkins (early 18th century). Its exposition is based on a collection of Russian uniforms, which Peter I began to collect. More than 300 items of clothing and ammunition from the periods of history from Alexander I to Nicholas II were carefully restored by the Russian Military Historical Society and presented to the audience in a modern multimedia exhibition. She proves that there are no uninteresting topics - you just need to competently and enthusiastically talk about what you love. And the abundance of visitors only confirms this: the museum is equally interesting for "old warriors", and sophisticated young ladies, and children of all ages.
A bit of history
The history of the museum's collection dates back to the "sample store" of Peter I - a collection of military uniforms of the Russian army, which, according to the order of the emperor, had to be constantly replenished with any innovations - from changing the shape of the bands to new casting buttons, not to mention large-scale changes in the uniform. In addition, the collection was replenished with samples of uniforms of foreign armies, its drawings and projects. Over time, the “sample store” turned into a full-fledged Imperial Quartermaster Museum, which existed until 1917.
The workers and peasants who came to power were not interested in the remnants of the tsarist regime, so the museum's collection - fortunately, was not burned! - sent to the cellars of the Peter and Paul Fortress. In the 1930s some rarities replenished the funds of the artillery museum, while most of the collection went to the wardrobe theaters and film studios. Through the efforts of enthusiasts, the surviving exhibits were again collected into a collection and meticulously restored - they made up the exposition of the Museum of military uniforms.
The highlight of the collection is the restored uniform of the non-commissioned officer of the Tenginsky Infantry Regiment, where M. Yu. Lermontov served in the military.
Acquaintance with a museum invariably begins with its building - and in this case, the form is no less important than the content. The two-story mansion of the early 18th century in the style of classicism belonged to I.P. Turgenev and hosted many famous personalities in its halls, including Karamzin and Zhukovsky. And in the 1830s. the estate changed its owner - the capital entrepreneur and philanthropist Botkin became the new, no less eminent, owner. After the revolution, the suite of halls of the estate turned into communal apartments, then various offices were placed here. In the 2000s, the mansion was restored - and today it welcomes visitors in all the splendor of its classical appearance, with a soft yellowish-green color of the facade, an elegant pediment and restrained stucco.
What to see
The exposition of the museum is presented at two permanent exhibitions: “Saved relics” and “Saved relics. Two centuries of glory. Russian military uniforms are presented to the attention of visitors in their historical development from the beginning of the 18th to the beginning of the 20th century: everyday and festive vestments of grenadiers, dragoons, cavalry guards, cuirassiers, infantrymen of various regiments, individual items of clothing and ammunition - caps, boots, belts, saddle bags, sword belts and much more. The multimedia exposition plunges into a specific historical era, explains the path that the army has gone from luxurious, but impractical, to a comfortable and functional form.
A special place in the collection is occupied by the ceremonial vestments of the prestigious imperial regiments - modern fashion designers could envy the elegance of the cut.
The original military uniforms of some historical periods were lost, and these eras are represented by costumes for Mosfilm films. An important part of the exposition is also occupied by miniatures showing the uniform of the imperial guards of 1906-1917, the full-fledged samples of which have practically not been preserved.
Practical Information
Address: Petroverigsky lane, 4 building 1, Turgenev-Botkin estate. The nearest metro station is Kitai-gorod. Web site .
Opening hours: from Tuesday to Sunday from 11:00 to 20:00. Day off - Monday. The ticket office closes one hour before the museum closes.
Entrance - 250 RUB, reduced ticket - 150 RUB. Prices on the page are for November 2018.
Military uniform museum in Bakhchivandzhi (Moscow region, Russia) - expositions, opening hours, address, phone numbers, official website.
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The Military Uniform Museum, located in a small village near Moscow with the exotic name of Bakhchivandzhi, is a stunningly interesting place that is certainly recommended for a visit to anyone who wants to learn more about the romance of wartime. The beginning of its collection was laid back in the pre-revolutionary years, under the Soviet regime the museum belonged to the Ministry of Defense, and its collection with impeccable military clarity was replenished with samples of the current and experimental uniforms of domestic and foreign armies. Here you can evaluate both versions of Stalin's tunic - rejected and approved, get acquainted with the military uniforms of Russia of the 14th-20th centuries, see what the Japanese, Germans and Cuban partisans fought in, consider orders and medals from different countries and learn a lot of interesting facts - for example, why the foragers of the tsarist army were the only ones of all the military branches who wore a headdress with a visor.
The pearl of the collection is Stalin's tunic, designed in 1945, a magnificent version rejected by the commander-in-chief and approved simple.
What to see
The collection of the Military Uniform Museum is housed in two spacious halls with a total area of 1700 sq. m. The exhibits are divided chronologically and thematically. The hall of the history of Russian uniforms covers the time period from the 14th century to the present. Here you can trace the evolution of military uniforms from the reign of Dmitry Donskoy and Ivan Kalita, as well as campaigns against Tamerlane to the first improved uniforms of the time of Peter I, who cared not only about the comfort of the soldiers, but also about their appearance. You will find out which types of troops under Peter wore blue and green caftans and who was allowed to tie a neckerchief. The exposition of the Russian form of the 19th century will introduce the famous hussar mentics over the shoulder and explain the original practical function of shoulder straps and epaulettes. The 20th century will present as many as 128 types of caps intended for various regiments.
You will also learn where the word "cap" came from and why a hard visor was sewn onto it.
The hall of the Great Patriotic War exhibits winter and summer uniforms of all branches of the Soviet troops, including hats, camping items, combat banners and standards, and a complete collection of shoulder straps. Here you will also see the standards and uniforms of the officers for the Victory Parade of 1945. The pearl of the collection is Stalin's tunic, designed in the same 1945, a magnificent version rejected by the commander-in-chief and approved simple, made of gray woolen cloth with a turn-down collar.
I hesitated for a long time whether or not to go to this museum, where the Ministry of Defense organized a press tour, but on the last day I nevertheless matured and went. I absolutely did not regret it and was wildly pleased, because the place is really interesting.
Briefly, the history of the museum is as follows. On the basis of the quartermaster's office under Alexander II, the Imperial Quartermaster's Museum was created where all samples of military uniforms, sketches, and "beta versions" of various uniforms that did not go into the series were brought. In 1917, the exhibits were placed in boxes, and for 15 years they quietly fell into disrepair in the Peter and Paul Fortress. In 1932, a commission was created that inspects the collection and distributes it as follows: most of the exhibits are transferred to the Museum of Artillery, Engineer and Signal Corps, part to film studios and theaters, part to the Quartermaster's Office of the Red Army as samples. In 1949-1950, many exhibits from the Museum of Artillery were transferred to the commissariat, where they again lay in boxes for eight long years. Finally, in 1958, they were taken out into the world and put up in a military unit in Odintsovo, where there were no special conditions for storage. Since 1985, the museum has been located in the current building in Bakhchivandzhi.
Filming. You understand that I am not a pro, and I had to shoot in a poorly lit room, and even through glass, which constantly tried to glare and reflect myself.
The next problem is photo captions. There was not so much time, but on the contrary, there were a lot of exhibits, so there was no way to remember everything. I can comment on something, Tarlit will lay out something, and he is a recognized specialist in form.
Well, let's go.
Tapestry of the late 18th century. It took the master about 28 years to weave it.
Various shape.
Such pants are called chikchirs.
There are not darned places on the uniform, but thread loops on which awards were previously worn.
Hats.
And this is a helmet for the crews of armored vehicles of the First World War.
Gym shirts for sports. Subsequently, they were transformed into the famous tunic.
Shoulder strap with the monogram of Alexander III.
Epaulet.
Uniform of the Generalissimo, made for the Victory Parade of 1945. On the left is the first version that was rejected by Stalin, apparently because it looked like a doorman, and on the right is the one in which the leader of the peoples was on Red Square.
Experimental uniform of a colonel of the Soviet army. On the hat, the sides and back part (turn-down butt pad) recline and there is a lapel of the fabric to cover the face (wind-shelter valve).
There are also foreign samples of the form of various states.
German Democratic Republic.
USA
Among the exhibits there are various household items.
Soap. There is no mold on it, but inclusions of tar.
This is not a flask for chemical experiments, but a glass flask for water.
Here is another version of the already Soviet era.
Soldier's hospital shoe covers of the 19th century.
Leather bag - tashka.
Rare stem.
After the February Revolution of 1917, the Provisional Government decided to get rid of the royal symbols. The question arose of what to do with the combat banners of the regiments. They just got out - they sewed rags on a two-headed eagle and the word "king".
Soviet banners of the Great Patriotic War.
Models of military carts with a special alphanumeric designation.
Steam-horse wagon PH-I.
Horse-mounted machine-gun cart KPT.
