Business plan on the topic of agriculture. Opening a farm

Dairy cattle breeding is the largest branch of animal husbandry in Russia. In different natural and economic zones, the development of dairy cattle breeding has its own characteristics, which is primarily determined by the structure of agricultural land and the direction of agricultural production, soil and climatic conditions, the development of industrial centers and communications. The business plan involves the creation of a dairy farm for 120 fodder cows with the rearing of replacement young animals in the Novomalyklinsky district of the Ulyanovsk region and the choice of an optimal development strategy (source - http://www.openbusiness.ru/).

• Business plan for the production of livestock products (for the sale of milk)

The purpose of this project is the production and sale of milk in private households. The production of this type of product is a promising activity, since the dairy products market is one of the largest markets for food products. At the same time, milk produced by domestic producers is in high demand among the population (source - http://www.openbusiness.ru/).

• Business plan for the production of livestock products (sales of beef)

The purpose of this project is the production and sale of beef in private farms (source - http://www.openbusiness.ru/).

This business plan provides for the creation and development of a pig farm on a land plot of 6 hectares. (source - http://www.openbusiness.ru/).

The purpose of this project is to provide services to the rural population. The cost of the project consists of a subsidy (financial assistance) provided by the employment center and the investment of own funds (source - http://www.openbusiness.ru/).

• Business plan for the production and operation of outdoor shed systems for keeping and breeding rabbits

This business plan will tell you about the basics of planning the work of a personal economy in the conditions of rural farmsteads, peasant (farm) farms and the development of agricultural consumer cooperatives (source - http://www.openbusiness.ru/).

We present you an example of a farm business plan for self-filling (source - http://www.openbusiness.ru/).

This business plan provides for the creation and development of a folk art craft enterprise (source - http://www.openbusiness.ru/).

This business plan provides for the creation of a longline flotilla (source - http://www.openbusiness.ru/).

• Business plan for creating an efficient seafood fishery

The goal of the project is to create a fishing management company to organize effective fishing expeditions for fish and other seafood with the registration of a company in one of the free economic zones (source - http://www.openbusiness.ru/).

This business plan provides for the creation and development of an oyster mushroom growing enterprise (source - http://www.openbusiness.ru/).

• Business plan for the production and sale of vegetable products

This business plan provides for the creation and development of an enterprise for the production and sale of vegetable products (source - http://www.openbusiness.ru/).

The purpose of this project is the cultivation of potatoes on the land plot and its implementation (source - http://www.openbusiness.ru/).

• Business plan for expanding and promoting military forestry products

This business plan provides for the expansion and promotion of military forestry products (source - http://www.openbusiness.ru/).

Organization of a mini-farm for the production of breeding stock of a fur-bearing animal - chinchilla on the areas available and prepared for production (source - http://www.ideibiznesa.org/).

The essence of the project proposed for consideration is the cultivation of goose meat and the production of products from it (source - http://www.wibes.ru/).

Quail eggs have long gained popularity in the food markets of large cities. Only lazy people did not write or talk about their usefulness and nutritional value. Nevertheless, the quail market is still developing slowly: experts believe that the supply of quail eggs is four times behind the demand (source - http://www.wibes.ru/).

• Business plan for growing and selling mushrooms

In Russia, almost everyone is a mushroom picker. In autumn, housewives salt, dry and pickle mushrooms, and in winter, at any festive table, these crispy hats and legs are the best snack. It would seem that doing mushroom business in our country is like selling drinking water from a spring. Nevertheless, experts call mushroom growing one of the most profitable types of agricultural activity (source - http://www.wibes.ru/).

Managers and specialists of practicing farms helped to understand the peculiarities of the work of breeding pig farms. Pig breeders not only gave out the secrets of their success, but also told how you can flourish even in difficult times for animal husbandry (source - http://www.wibes.ru/).

Creation of a leasing company to attract long-term investments in agriculture on the basis of an existing leasing company (source - http://www.wibes.ru/).

Ostrich farming, or ostrich farming, has been practiced for a long time. The industry experienced a rebirth in the 80s of the XX century, then low-calorie ostrich meat became fashionable. Black African ostriches, and only such pets are kept today in pens by entrepreneurs, are able to exist in northern conditions and endure winter relatively easily - it turns out that their immune system is highly adaptive. All this led to the fact that a potentially promising and long-term agribusiness a few years ago came to Eastern Europe and Russia (source - http://www.wibes.ru/).

Greenhouse vegetables are the most demanded product in agriculture today (source http://kakbiz.ru/)

Everyone knows that goat milk has many useful properties, so the demand for such products is constantly growing. In addition, you can sell wool and goat meat, so the breeding of these domestic animals is considered a fairly profitable activity. (Source - http://www.wibes.ru/).

Breeding rabbits is an attractive and quite profitable type of business activity. If you have a private house with outbuildings, you can safely do this. Rabbit meat is always in high demand. Additional profit can be obtained from the sale of fur. (Source of Idea for Business - KakBiz.ru) Breeding layers is one of the most profitable business activities. Chickens are growing fast. They begin to lay eggs at the age of five months. Some breeds are distinguished by high year-round egg production. Anyone can start poultry farming. The most important thing is the desire to work. (

Evgeny Malyar

# Business plans

Financial planning is the main economic component of a business plan. It reasonably calculates the break-even time, profitability, net profit and other performance indicators.

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• Grants for agriculture
• Grant Eligibility Conditions
• Grant targeting options
• Development of a KFH business plan and its content
• Examples of KFH business plans for obtaining a grant
• How to protect a business plan

Russian agriculture is showing progress. Their most important reason is the powerful state support for this sector of the economy. It is implemented through two main instruments - subsidies and grants. Both types of assistance are provided at the expense of budgetary funds. A colossal amount of 240 billion rubles was allocated for the development of the agricultural sector in 2018.

The article will talk about the main condition for obtaining a grant by a peasant farm - a properly drawn up business plan.

Grants for agriculture

A grant is a gratuitous targeted assistance to an agricultural production enterprise. What does this mean?

First, the amount received does not need to be given to the state. The exception is cases when the head of the peasant farm could not master the funds or tried to use them in an inappropriate way.

Secondly, the development of the received money is carried out in accordance with the submitted business plan. The consequences of detecting violations of this condition are extremely unpleasant (see the previous paragraph).

Such conditions may seem overly stringent, but it should be borne in mind that the funds are actually issued by the state for a business plan. For a novice farmer, this assistance often means an opportunity to open a business or take a peasant farm to a whole new level. It is desirable, of course, to have some equity capital - it increases the chances of approval of the application.

Grant Eligibility Conditions

We should dwell separately on the criteria by which the commission selects entrepreneurs who are most deserving of state support.

• Higher profile agricultural education (desirable).
• Experience in practical work or entrepreneurship (if not in the specialty, then at least ten years).
• Having your own subsidiary farm for 10 years or more.
• Membership in an agricultural cooperative.
• Government recommendations.

You don't have to have all of these features, but the more, the better.

Grant targeting options

Before drawing up a business plan for obtaining a grant for a peasant farm, you need to understand what it can be spent on. The following options for targeted use of state aid are allowed:

• Repayment of loans taken for the creation, development or modernization of a peasant farm.
• Payment of financial lease (leasing) of agricultural machinery and equipment.
• Construction, purchase or reconstruction of commercial agricultural real estate.
• Acquisition of land resources suitable for agricultural use.
• Development of project documentation for the construction or reconstruction of commercial agricultural real estate.
• Construction of communications, barriers and other auxiliary economic facilities.
• Road construction of access roads to and within the KFH.
• Connection to engineering networks (power lines, water supply, heating mains, gas pipelines, etc.).
• Acquisition of livestock.
• Purchase of vehicles and special means, equipment and other production and processing equipment.
• Purchase of planting materials, seed fund, pesticides, fertilizers.

After disbursing the funds, the farmer reports on the costs, documenting them.

Development of a KFH business plan and its content

A business plan is also drawn up according to a specific plan. Its text includes the items described below.

Title. The name of the KFK, its details, location, contact numbers, e-mail address are indicated on the first sheet.

confidentiality memorandum. This is a legal insurance against disclosure of the details of the business plan by those who, due to official duties, have read it. Most often, this measure is mentioned formally, but there are exceptions when the information actually constitutes a trade secret.

Summary. This paragraph briefly outlines the essence of the business idea and the purpose of the project. With regard to agricultural production, this may be a description of a new technology of farming or animal husbandry, the introduction of which requires investment. If some indicator grows, then it should be clear how many times and why. In addition to validity, this part has a specific requirement - the reader must be interested. Boring text is the enemy of a business plan. Volume - no more than half a page. Tables are allowed.

Industry analysis. An analysis of the current state of the market in the chosen area of ​​business activity (for example, dairy products, pig breeding, ostrich breeding, etc.) should confirm the reasonableness of the project and its economic feasibility.

Competitive environment. Surely in the region other peasant farms offer similar products. It should be clear to the Commission what factors are planned to achieve benefits.

Production planning. The section is a detailed description of measures for the development of the economy: the means of labor that are planned to be purchased, the raw material base, technologies, etc.

Description of the manufactured product with a list of its advantages and benefits (organoleptic qualities, environmental friendliness, affordability, etc.).

Marketing plan. Here you should position the product, list the methods of its sale and commercial promotion, bring selling and retail prices. In other words, you need to specify everything that will ensure trouble-free sales and market demand for the product.

Organizational planning. This is one of the most important points, since it justifies the emergence of new jobs. The number of staff units and their salaries are indicated. The social significance of the project significantly affects the likelihood of approval of the business plan and grant application.

Financial planning. The main economic component of the plan. It reasonably calculates the time to break even (“zero” points), profitability, net profit and other performance indicators. Financial planning is best done according to two scenarios - optimistic and pessimistic, taking into account various factors that can hinder the implementation of the project. In addition, the calendar plan for the development of funds is important. It is highly desirable to indicate what share of the total investment the owner of the peasant farm intends to cover at his own expense.

Risk assessment and guarantees. Yet probably not a single plan in the history of mankind has been implemented without deviations. It's not about threats to business, but about the measures envisaged to level them. In relation to peasant farms, the risks are represented by the adventurism of yields, the probability of mortality, etc.

Attached materials. These include all available and substantiated information that clearly confirms the prospects of the business (conclusions of independent examinations, information about progressive domestic and foreign experience, and other available documents).

Examples of KFH business plans for obtaining a grant

Writing a business plan is a job that requires skill. For this reason, the offer of a service for writing this document has appeared on the market. Its cost is from five to twenty thousand rubles. This money can be saved if you study examples of such documents and adapt them to your conditions.

A typical business plan for a rabbit farm can be downloaded from this link.

You should be aware that the planning horizon refers to the nearest foreseeable prospects, that is, the period during which the allocated grant funds will be disbursed.

In the section "Description of the project" the main items of expenditure are described in detail with a calendar plan of the envisaged costs.

You can also see business plan for raising sheep of the Romanov breed.

As you can see, it was compiled according to the previously described scheme, but with the addition of a lengthy historical excursus and a description of world experience. It is also useful to enumerate the merits of the chosen breed. This is an exemplary business plan for a meat farm.

How to protect a business plan

If the grant applicant is confident in his business and is well versed in it, defending a business plan for a peasant farm in the competition is not a big problem. The more points you get, the more chances you have to win. They are assigned depending on the priorities of economic development established in the region, but, as a rule, there are common factors that provide advantages to one or another applicant for state support.

An example of a preliminary assessment of business plan indicators is presented in the following table:

Criterion

Meaning

Score in points

Modern agriculture is capable of generating a solid income; this line of business is highly efficient. Large collective farms are extremely clumsy, they cannot quickly reorient themselves to new tasks, so farming is a promising type of entrepreneurship.

A more specific consideration of the situation will allow the business plan of a farm located in a village or just some distance from the city. A place with good nature and clean air should be chosen. Work will be carried out in several directions at once:

• breeding of young animals for meat production;
• receipt and subsequent sale of milk;
• other services.

Business pros and cons

The growing popularity of healthy eating increases consumer demand for natural products, which shows the effectiveness of doing business in this direction. Depending on the specific region, competition can be assessed as low or medium. The advantage of the agricultural business is that in any state of the competitive environment, a certain demand for the goods of an individual firm will remain. A ready-made farming business plan with calculations will help to achieve good results.

Before opening a business, one should sensibly assess the risks involved; activities in agriculture are not as simple as it might seem to many at first glance. The following hazards can negatively affect the development of the enterprise:
- seasonal nature of production;
- sharp jumps in the level of demand;
- instability of the level of income of potential buyers;
- the rapid increase in the cost of raw materials;
- jumps in prices for the rental of specialized equipment.

Strictly following a farming business plan with calculations will help you avoid most of the difficulties that you may encounter along the way. From the plan, you can find out exactly how to get out of a particular dangerous situation with minimal losses.

What do you need to open a farm?

First of all, registration with state bodies is required. The business plan of the peasant farm is implemented properly if a peasant farm is chosen as the legal form, the tax payment schemes are the single agricultural tax. A favorable environment is being created for the development of agricultural infrastructure in the country, so the tax is only 6%, which is a serious relief compared to other types of entrepreneurial activity.

To register, you must complete the following steps:
- pay the state fee;
- draw up an application according to the established model and certify it with a notary;
- prepare and submit the necessary package of documents to the tax service;
- receive registration documents and register with the Funds;
- receive a letter from Rosstat with statistics codes;
- open a bank account.

Initial data for opening a farm. There is a plot of 2 hectares, there is a house with buildings. It is planned to buy 40 Simmental calves for rearing and 2 cows to sell milk for cheese makers. With an increase in the number of cows, it is planned to start making cheese ourselves. Additionally, a plot of 2 hectares will be rented for hay harvesting. The cost of rent for the year will be 600 rubles. From one hectare of hayfield you can get from 800 to 4000 kg of hay. We believe that in summer our farmer will be able to prepare 5,000 kg of hay for the winter.

To start the activity, you will need to make the following expenses:
- purchase of building materials for the construction of a barn for calves (roof, brick, lumber) - 400,000 rubles;

Tractor MTZ-82 - 850,000 rubles;

Universal loader - 95,000 rubles;

Purchase of calves (40 heads) - 600,000 rubles;

Purchase of 2 dairy cows - 150,000 rubles;

Milking machine - 22,000 rubles;

Summing up and connecting the necessary communications - 56,000;

Initial feed supply - 118,000;

Other expenses - 50,000.

In total, funds will be required to start raising bulls for meat and obtaining milk from 2 cows for sale - 2,341,000 rubles. With working capital, approximately 3,250,000 rubles will be obtained.

The 1.5 million rubles received as subsidies are recommended to be spent on the purchase of a tractor, young animals and some building materials. At the same time, the grant must repay no more than 90 percent of the costs incurred for the acquisition of material resources for the development of a peasant (farm) economy. The business plan for the creation and development of a peasant farm says that this method of planning costs is optimal.

Description of the main activity.

The proposed farm has three main sources of income:
- meat (sale to the population and third-party companies);
- milk (sale to the population and third-party companies);
- sale of manure.

The Simmental breed of calves is considered ideal for meat production, they grow quickly and gain the necessary weight in a year and a half. The mass of a young bull can exceed a thousand kilograms. The purchase of three-month-old calves will be carried out at a price of 15 thousand per one, the most mature and strong individuals are selected. Such a choice reduces the risk of the spread of dangerous diseases to almost zero; when fed with the right food, animals can gain substantial weight in a short time. Live weight at the age of a bull at the age of 1 year is 300-400 kilograms of weight. At the age of 1.5 years, bulls can weigh about 400-500 kilograms. Slaughter yield is 55-60% by weight. In bulls, the daily weight gain can be 1500 grams.

We purchase two dairy cows also of the Simmental breed. In one lactation season, a cow of this breed can produce 5 thousand liters of milk. Between hotel periods last an average of 386 days. The milk of this breed has an excellent taste; characterized by a high content of protein and dry matter, but a low percentage of somatic cells. It is well suited for making cheese. Prices for milk always depend on its quality and content of protein, dry matter and somatic cells. In this regard, the milk of the Simmental breed of cows is one of the best. We plan to donate milk to cheese factories.

The lactation period in cows is divided into three phases:

Colostrum and lasts 5-7 days;

Normal milk - 190-288 days;

Old milk 7-10 days.

We consider that we buy a cow at the stage of obtaining normal milk, within 210 days (seven months for calculation). We conditionally consider that each cow gives us 16 liters of milk per day. Also, every year cows will give birth to calves, which will help to gradually reduce the need to purchase young animals from third-party organizations. At some point, the company may begin to fully provide itself with the necessary livestock.

The main diet for cattle is hay, free-range and dried grass in summer, mixed fodder, root crops, bran and table salt. For calves born in the spring, rough and succulent rations are replaced with green grass. When grazing on good herbage, you can save up to 15–20% of concentrates calculated according to the norm.

Production plan

Animal housing must meet many requirements in order to be as efficient as possible. The list of these requirements includes convenient maintenance of livestock, the availability of a warehouse for feed, convenient conditions for cleaning and storing manure. Walking conditions must also be provided. The length of the feeder is 1 meter, height - 60 centimeters, width - 70 centimeters. The room must be provided with the proper amount of sunlight.

Since we are planning a farm, the whole family takes part in the business as much as possible, so one person is required to work in the barn. We plan that his monthly salary will be 15,000 rubles. Accounting - outsourcing services.

A list of all costs can be seen in the table below.

fixed costs
Wage
Payroll taxes
Rent
Depreciation
Accountant services
Variable costs
feed cost
Slaughter Services
Electricity
Transport
Insurance IP
Other variable expenses
Total cost

The planned revenue of the farm will be:

We will draw up a plan of income and expenses.

Let's analyze the obtained numbers.

planning horizon
Company's revenue, rub.
Profit of the enterprise, rub.
Investments in the project, rub.
Investments in the state-in project, rub.
Own investments, rub.
Free money wed-va at the end of the year, rub.
Payback, year
Profitability, %

The company's revenue for the year amounted to 1,797,600 rubles, the profitability of the business was 8.6%. The payback of the business, taking into account the receipt of support from the state in the amount of 1.5 million rubles, will be about two years.

Conclusion

The implementation of the project brings not only tangible profit, but is of great social importance. The following indicators should be highlighted:
- creation of new jobs in the settlement;
- reduction of social tension;
- receipt of additional financial resources to the local budget.

Opening an enterprise in a particular location depends on the conditions of competition and the level of demand for products. A similar agricultural company in different locations may have vastly different returns. The growing demand for healthy food and natural products is pushing the development of farming forward, but without taking into account all the risks, it is not recommended to start practical activities. At the moment, an important plus is the possibility of obtaining support from the state.

With a low interest rate on the activities of organizations of this type and a relatively short payback period, investments can be called profitable.

Anyone can open their own business in the village, if they wish. But, not all villagers, for some reason, are in a hurry to open their own business. If you are not like that and want to be realized in life, I recommend that you draw up a clear business plan for agriculture.

Do you want to learn how to write a business plan for agriculture?

To begin with, it is worth understanding what this document is. A business plan is a step-by-step instruction that will help you organize and promote a project.

Business plan for agricultural business:

Choosing an idea

In order to start your own business, you need a specific idea. There are criteria for choosing a good idea: profitability and competitiveness.

To succeed, it is worth considering the competition in this locality. If, for example, you decide to do business in the trading field, then keep in mind that, as a rule, you will have competitors. It is profitable to open a business in this niche with minimal competition, otherwise you may fail.

The relevance of the idea is determined by assessing the needs of the population. If your product and services are in demand, interesting to consumers, then the idea is profitable.

Start-up capital

A very important condition for starting your own business. As practice shows, it is almost impossible to open a profitable business without money. After all, nowadays you have to pay for everything. The only plus is that the village is a little different. The labor force is cheap, and there are no less opportunities than in the city.

If you do not have the opportunity to invest money, implement business ideas for the village with minimal investment, such as gardening.

Profit from the agricultural business

Most start-up entrepreneurs are interested in the possibility of making a quick profit. Business in the village is just an option for those who do not have a large start-up capital and want to organize a business with a quick payback.

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