Presentation on music "F. Schubert "The Forest King"". Music lesson on the topic "Schubert's work" Which musical movement was Schubert a representative of?

(A version of the biography with cut-out questions is distributed for pair work, depending on the individual characteristics of the students. Answers indicating the number are written down in notebooks.)

Get acquainted with the biography of Franz Schubert and answer the questions:

(Write your answers in your notebook, number the questions in the order indicated.)

Franz Peter Schubert is an outstanding Austrian composer, one of the founders of romanticism in music.

Schubert was born on January 31, 1797 in Lichtenthal, a small suburb of Vienna, in the family of a schoolteacher who played music as an amateur. Mother was the daughter of a mechanic. Of the fifteen children in the family, ten died at an early age. Franz showed musical talent very early. From the age of six he studied at a parish school, and his household taught him to play the violin and piano.

At the age of eleven, Franz was accepted into the Konvict - the court chapel, where, in addition to singing, he studied playing many instruments and music theory (under the guidance of Antonio Salieri).At the age of 13, Schubert was already the author of a number of works.Leaving the chapel in 1813, Schubert took a job as a teacher at a school. He studied mainly Gluck, Mozart and Beethoven.

In the field of song, Schubert was a successor to Beethoven. Thanks to Schubert, this genre received an artistic form, enriching the field of concert vocal music. Of great importance in vocal literature are Schubert’s large collections of songs based on the poems of Wilhelm Müller - “The Beautiful Miller’s Wife” and “Winter Reise”, which are, as it were, a continuation of Beethoven’s idea expressed in the collection of songs “To a Distant Beloved”. In all these works Schubert showed remarkable melodic talent and a wide variety of moods; he gave the accompaniment greater meaning, greater artistic meaning.The piano part participates on equal terms with the vocals in creating a musical and poetic image. Schubert can rightfully be considered the founder of romantic vocal lyrics.

Schubert did not try, like his predecessors, to imitate the national character, but his songs involuntarily reflected the national current, and they became the property of the country. Schubert wrote almost 600 songs. Beethoven enjoyed his songs in the last days of his life. Schubert's musical productivity was enormous. Beginning in 1813, he composed incessantly.

In many ways, Schubert was helped by friends; often their meetings were devoted entirely to music. Works by Schubert were played. Sometimes there were parties, dancing, and Franz sat at the piano for hours and improvised. Such meetings were called “Schubertiads”.

Beginning around 1821, Schubert's music became available to wider circles of Viennese society. These were mainly songs, in the propaganda of which the singer Vogl played a large role.

In the highest circle, where Schubert was invited to accompany his vocal compositions, he was extremely reserved, was not interested in praise and even avoided it; Among his friends, on the contrary, he highly valued approval. According to biographers, Schubert never changed anything in his compositions, because he did not have it for that time. He did not spare his health and, in the prime of his life and talent, died at the age of 31. The last year of his life, despite his poor health, was especially fruitful. During his lifetime he did not enjoy outstanding success. After his death, a mass of manuscripts remained that later saw the light (6 masses, 7 symphonies, 15 operas, etc.).

The composer died of typhoid fever in Vienna on November 19, 1828. In accordance with his last wishes, Schubert was buried in the cemetery where Beethoven, whom he idolized, was buried a year earlier. An eloquent inscription is engraved on the monument: “Death buried here a rich treasure, but even more beautiful hopes.” A crater on Mercury was named in honor of Schubert.

Questions for the biography of F. Schubert:

(Questions are cut up and distributed on the desk depending on their complexity, taking into account the individual characteristics of the children.)

1. Who is Franz Schubert?

7. Which works became most famous during Schubert's lifetime?

14. What musical movement was Schubert a representative of?

2. When and where was Franz Schubert born?

11. What kind of person was Schubert?

15. When did real success come to Schubert?

3. Who were Schubert's parents?

9. What role does piano accompaniment play in Schubert’s songs?

10.Which singer began to promote Schubert’s work?

4. Where did Schubert receive his musical education?

5. At what age was Schubert accepted into the court chapel?

6. At what age did Schubert start composing?

16.How many years did Schubert live?

8. How many songs did Schubert write?

12. What were the names of Schubert’s musical meetings with friends?

13. Which composer did Schubert idolize?

Goal and tasks: summarizing the information received on the topic “The Life and Work of Franz Schubert” in an entertaining, playful form (tests and crosswords).

Test. Option I.

1. One of the first representatives of what direction in music was F. Schubert?

a) Classicism

b) Romanticism

c) Impressionism

2. How many years did F. Schubert live?

3. The death of which outstanding composer shocked F. Schubert in 1827?

a) Mozart

b) Beethoven

c) Chopin

4. At what age did F. Schubert start playing music?

5. In which city was F. Schubert a singer of the Court Chapel?

b) in Bonn

c) in Salzburg

6. With whom did F. Schubert study composition for three years?

a) with J. Haydn

b) with W. A. ​​Mozart

c) with A. Salieri

7. What musical genre did F. Schubert not address in his work?

c) invention

8. What genre is the leading one in the work of F. Schubert?

c) quartet

9. Which symphony belongs to F. Schubert?

a) "Unfinished"

b) "Farewell"

c) "Pastoral"

10. F. Schubert’s vocal cycles were written based on the poems of which poet?

"The Fair Miller" and "Winter Reise"?

a) J. Goethe

b) W. Muller

c) L. Relshtaba

11. Which song is not included in the vocal cycle “The Beautiful Miller's Wife”?

a) "Hunter"

b) "The Miller and the Stream"

c) "Spring Dream"

12. Which song is included in the vocal cycle “Winterreise”?

c) "You are my peace"

a) F. Schubert

b) D. Schubart

c) G. F. Schmidt

14 A striking example of which vocal genre is F. Schubert’s work “The Forest King”?

a) ballads

15. Which composer owns the concert arrangement of F. Schubert’s waltzes under the title “Viennese evenings. Waltzes-caprices (after Schubert)”?:

a) S. Rachmaninov

b) S. Prokofiev

c) F. Liszt

Answers (Test. Option I.)

1 - b; 2 - a; 3 - b; 4 - b; 5-a; 6 - in; 7 - in; 8 - a; 9 - a; 10 - b; 11 - in; 12 - a; 13 - b; 14 - a; 15th century

Test. Option II.

1. The work of which composer belongs to the artistic movement of which he is a representative. Schubert?

a) F. Chopin

b) L. van Beethoven

c) C. Debussy

2. Years of life of F. Schubert: 1797 - :

3. When F. Schubert was born, L. van Ethoven was:

4. Did Schubert know Beethoven personally?

5. What musical instrument did F. Schubert not learn to play as a child?

a) piano

b) violin

6. What educational institution did F. Schubert study at?

a) at the university

b) in convict

c) at the lyceum

7. What instrument did F. Schubert play in the student orchestra?

a) on the violin

b) on the cello

c) on the flute

8. Who was a talented performer of F. Schubert’s vocal works?

a) N. A. Porpora

b) I. M. Fogl

c) A. Salieri

9. Which genre of piano music did Schubert not address in his work?

a) sonata

b) nocturne

c) impromptu

10. How many symphonies did F. Schubert write?

11. Which of the following vocal cycles was written by F. Schubert?

a) "The Poet's Love"

b) "Songs of the Wandering Apprentice"

c) "Winter Retreat"

12. Which of F. Schubert’s songs was written to poems by J. Goethe?

a) "Evening"

b) "Forest King"

c) "Organ grinder" serenade"

13. Which of the songs was the last in the work of F. Schubert?

a) "Pigeon mail"

b) "Gretchen at the spinning wheel"

c) "Barcarolle"

14. The theme of which song did F. Schubert develop in the “Forellien Quintet”?

b) "Trout"

c) "On the road"

15. On the theme of which of his songs did F. Schubert create a piano fantasy of the same name?

a) "Trout"

b) "Serenade"

c) "Wanderer"

Answers (Test. Option II.)

1 - a; 2 - b; 3 - in; 4 - a; 5- in; 6 - b; 7 - a; 8 - b; 9 - b; 10 - in; 11 - in; 12 - b; 13 - a; 14 - b; 15th century

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The lesson was conducted according to the program of D.B. Kabalevsky, is used by the educational complex “Music. 7th grade" T.I. Naumenko, V.V. Aleeva.

Lesson type: lesson on learning new material

Teaching methods used:

• verbal;
• visual;
• practical;
• problem-search;
• independent work;
• working with a textbook;
• design;
• oral control;
• testing;
• mutual control.

Teaching techniques used:

• explanation;
• practical tasks;
• problematic situation;
• analysis and synthesis;
• compare and contrast.

Forms of organization of cognitive activity:

• individual;
• pair-group;
• collective;
• frontal.

Means of education:

• mp3 with a recording of a piece of music;
• textbook and teaching materials for the lesson;
• computer and multimedia projector;
• presentation for the lesson.

Quarter theme: Musical image.

The purpose of the lesson: the formation of an emotionally conscious perception of a musical image using the example of the ballad “The Forest King” by F. Schubert.

Tasks:

• educational– introduce the concept of “musical ballad”, the biography of F. Schubert, identify the musical image in the ballad “The Forest King”;
• developing– develop communication skills, skills in independent work with information, the ability to analyze and synthesize the information received;
• educational– nurturing a personal attitude towards music and aesthetic taste.

Musical material: F. Schubert ballad song “The Forest King”, inserted into the presentation.

Equipment: computer, video projector, musical instrument.

Additional material: presentation for the lesson, a printed version of the table for filling out according to the options and biography of F. Schubert with questions, T.I. Naumenko, V.V. Aleev music textbook 7th grade.

During the classes

I. Organizing time. State the topic and purpose of the lesson.

Slide 1

– Good afternoon, dear guys, dear guests. Today in the lesson we will get acquainted with a very famous work by the composer Franz Schubert, we will define the musical image that the composer Schubert conveyed in his song.

II. Repetition of what has been covered.

– What images exist in music? (Lyrical, epic, dramatic).

Slide 2 (Click on the ovals after a hand appears on them).

– Which works of Franz Schubert are you already familiar with and what image predominates in them? (“Ave Maria”, “Barcarolle”, “Trout” - lyrical image).

III. Learning new material.

1) – What kind of person was Schubert if he could create such lyrical works? We will be able to answer this question after we independently familiarize ourselves with the composer’s biography. I will provide each desk with a printed text and questions for you to answer.

(Complete the task at their desks. Each pair reads the composer’s biography and answers 3-4 questions, which are distributed by the teacher on separate pieces of paper with a version of the biography).

Slide 3

2) Questions to check the completion of the work.

1. Who is Franz Schubert?
2. When and where was Schubert born?
3. Who were Schubert's parents?
4. Where did Schubert receive his musical education?
5. At what age was Schubert accepted into the court chapel?
6. At what age did Schubert start composing?
7. What works were most famous during Schubert's lifetime?
8. How many songs did F. Schubert write?
9. What role does piano accompaniment play in Schubert's songs?
10. Which singer began to promote Schubert's work?
11. What kind of person was Schubert?
12. What were the names of Schubert's musical meetings with friends?
13. Which composer did Schubert idolize?
14. What musical movement was Schubert a representative of?
15. When did Schubert achieve real success?
16. How old did Schubert live?

(The teacher, calling out the serial number, asks questions. Each student answers his question in order, and from the answers a biography of Schubert is built. All answers appear on the slide.)

Slides 4-6 (Click on each question after a hand appears on it).

3) Listening to the ballad “The Forest Tsar” by F. Schubert in Russian.

– Listen to one of Schubert’s most famous works and answer the following questions:

Slide 7

– What feelings does music express?

– What image did the composer convey in his music?

– Who performs this piece of music?

(Listening to a ballad. Children’s answers to the questions posed.)

– What is the name of this work?

– What is a ballad?

Slide 8

– This is a solo narrative song with elements of fantasy. In it, the composer created a living picture in which the subtlest shades of human feelings are revealed.

Slide 9

– How many characters are there in the ballad?

– What is the theme of each character?

– What intonation prevails in the characters’ speech?

– What did you hear in the accompaniment?

– Let’s summarize our findings using the text in the textbook on page 42. Fill out the table that you see on the slide.

Slide 10

– You will work according to the options: option 1 characterizes the speech, melody and accompaniment of the father, son and narrator, and option 2 – the Forest King.

(A fragment of the table is distributed according to the options. Children fill it out using the textbook (p. 42). Check the completion of the table on the slide.)

Slide 10 (Click on each square after a hand appears on it).

– Listen to the ballad again, follow the text (text on page 40 in the textbook) and answer the following questions:

– How was Schubert able to convey the tragedy, pain and cry of the human soul?

– How does the plot develop in a ballad?

– What role does the piano play in the piece?

Slide 11

(Listening to a ballad in Russian with a lecture. Children’s answers to questions.)

– Franz Schubert’s ballad “The Forest King” is an example of a dramatic work. It represents a whole scene with the participation of various characters.

4) The history of the creation of the ballad “The Forest King” by F. Schubert.

– The ballad is written based on a poem by the German poet Johann Wolfgang Goethe.

Slide 12

– The best translation of Goethe’s ballad into Russian was made almost two centuries ago by Vasily Andreevich Zhukovsky, a contemporary of A. S. Pushkin, a unique, very subtle, deeply lyrical poet.

– F. Schubert was enchanted by the poetry of W. Goethe. She excited and captivated the imagination, mind, and soul of the young composer. Schubert composed the ballad “The Forest King” when he was only 18 years old.

Slide 14

– This is how one of Schubert’s friends describes the birth of this song: “We found Schubert in a completely heated state, loudly reading from the book “The King of the Forest.” He walked with the book several times back and forth across the room, suddenly sat down, and in a very short time the ballad appeared on the paper. That same evening, “The Forest King” was performed and received with delight.”

IV. Consolidation.

– At the end of our lesson, I suggest you take a test on the options. You have pieces of paper on your desk on which you will write down the answers to my questions.

Slide 14 (Click on the questions one by one).

(Completing test tasks according to options. Mutual testing.)

1 option	Option 2
1. In what country was F. Schubert born? A) France B) Italy In Austria 2. How many songs did Schubert write? A) 600 B) 500 B) 400 3. Who is the author of the German ballad text? A) Schiller B) Goethe B) Shakespeare 4. How many characters are there in the ballad song “The Forest King”? A) 4 B) 5 AT 6 5. The speech of which character in the ballad sounds affectionate, insinuating, soft, enticing? A) Father B) Forest king B) Son 6. What in the musical accompaniment of a ballad helps you feel the dramatic image? A) Dotted rhythm B) March rhythm B) The rhythm of a mad race 7. What images influenced the construction of the entire musical development? A) Love and hate B) Life and death B) War and Peace	1. How many years did F. Schubert live? A) 27 B) 31 B) 37 2. How old was Schubert when he wrote “The Forest King”? A) 28 B) 23 B) 18 3. Who did the best translation of the ballad? A) Pushkin B) Lermontov B) Zhukovsky 4. What is the image in the ballad song “The Forest King”? A) Lyrical B) Dramatic B) Epic 5. How does the speech of the author, father and son sound? A) Excitedly B) Enticing B) Insinuatingly 6. Which character is characterized by a smooth, rounded, melodious melody? A) Son B) Father B) Forest king 7. What is the overall character of the ballad? A) Quiet and calm B) Worried and anxious B) Cheerful and mischievous
1 option	Option 2
1. B 2. A 3. B 4. A 5 B 6. B 7. B	1. B 2. V. 3. V. 4. B 5. A 6. B 7. B

Slide 15

Answers for mutual verification: 7 – “5”, 6 – “4”, 5 – “3”, 4 – “2”.

V. Lesson summary.

– What work of Franz Schubert did we learn about in class today?

– What is the image in the ballad song “The Forest King”?

Slide 16

– What in the music helped us feel the dramatic image created by the composer?

(Assessing student work. Giving grades for work in class.)

VI. Homework.

– Draw a picture that matches the character of the ballad “The Forest King” by F. Schubert.

– Thank you for your creative work. Goodbye.

I option (questions)

1. Years of life of F. Schubert:

A) 1715-1770

B) 1810-1880

B) 1797-1828

A) violin and piano

B) flute and violin

B) on organ and piano

A) at a music school

B) at home

B) at the conservatory

A) 11 years old

B) 9 years

At the age of 15

A) impressionism

B) baroque

B) romanticism

A) 34 years old

B) 31 years old

B) 30 years

A) D. Hvorostovsky

B) M. Vogl

B) F. Chaliapin

A B C)

A) 9

B) 5

AT 7

“The Beautiful Miller's Wife”, “The Forest King”, “Swan Song”, “Winter Retreat”, “The Wanderer”.

A) Your memory will remain forever in our hearts

A) 18 years old

B) 20 years

B) 19 years old

A) 4

B) 2

AT 5

A) dotted rhythm

B) the rhythm of a mad race

B) march rhythm

A) insinuatingly

B) excited

B) enticing

A) A. Pushkin

B) M. Lermontov

B) Zhukovsky

Test on the works of Franz Schubert

I option (answers)

1. Years of life of F. Schubert:

A) 1715-1770

B) 1810-1880

B) 1797-1828

2. The composer’s father and brothers taught him to play:

A) violin and piano

B) flute and violin

B) on organ and piano

3. Where F. Schubert received his primary musical education:

A) at a music school

B) at home

B) at the conservatory

4. At what age did F. Schubert enter Konvikt:

A) 11 years old

B) 9 years

At the age of 15

5. Which musical direction was the composer representative of:

A) impressionism

B) baroque

B) romanticism

6. How many years did the composer live:

A) 34 years old

B) 31 years old

B) 30 years

7. Which singer began to promote the work of F. Schubert:

A) D. Hvorostovsky

B) M. Vogl

B) F. Chaliapin

8. Find a portrait of F. Schubert among the composers:

A) B) C)

9. How many symphonies did the composer write:

A) 9

B) 5

AT 7

10. Underline the vocal cycles of F. Schubert:

"Beautiful miller's wife" “The Forest King”, “Swan Song”,"Winter Retreat" , "Wanderer".

11. What inscription is engraved on the monument to F. Schubert:

A) Your memory will remain forever in our hearts.

B) And my heart hurts, and my grief has no end.

C) Death buried here a rich treasure, but even more wonderful hopes.

12. At what age did the composer compose the ballad “The Forest King”:

A) 18 years old

B) 20 years

B) 19 years old

13. How many images are there in the ballad “The Forest King”:

A) 4

B) 2

AT 5

14. What about the musical accompaniment of a ballad helps you feel the dramatic image:

A) dotted rhythm

B) the rhythm of a mad race

B) march rhythm

A) insinuatingly

B) excited

B) enticing

16. Who made the best translation of the ballad “The Forest King”:

A) A. Pushkin

B) M. Lermontov

B) Zhukovsky

Test on the works of Franz Schubert

II option (questions)

A) Austrian

B) Russian

B) German

A) dance

B) march

B) song

A) A. Mozart

B) A. Salieri

B) J.Haydn

A) 13 years old

B) 11 years old

B) 14 years old

A) concerts

B) meetings

B) Schubertiads

A) 600

B) 500

B) 400

A) L. Beethoven

B) A. Mozart

B) I. Bach

A) 1

B) 4

AT 2

A) on Jupiter

B) on Mercury

B) on Saturn

A) I. Vogl

B) F. Chaliapin

B) M. Magomaev

In 1828, a few months before his death, his author’s concert took place in......., which was a great success.

“Swan Lake”, “Trout”, “Wanderer”, “Prince Igor”, “Barcarolle”, “Unfinished Symphony”, “Ivan Susanin”, “Lark”, “The Forest Tsar”, “On the Road”.

A B C)

A) Schiller

B) Shakespeare

B) Goethe

A) Forest king

B) son

B) father

A) quiet and calm

B) excited and anxious

B) cheerful and mischievous

Test on the works of Franz Schubert

II option (answers)

1. F. Schubert is a composer by nationality:

A) Austrian

B) Russian

B) German

2. The basis of the composer’s creativity is:

A) dance

B) march

B) song

3. Who was F. Schubert’s mentor in Konvikt:

A) A. Mozart

B) A. Salieri

B) J.Haydn

4. At what age did the composer begin to compose:

A) 13 years old

B) 11 years old

B) 14 years old

5. What were the names of F. Schubert’s musical meetings with friends:

A) concerts

B) meetings

B) Schubertiads

6. How many songs did the composer write:

A) 600

B) 500

B) 400

7. Which composer did F. Schubert idolize:

A) L. Beethoven

B) A. Mozart

B) I. Bach

8. How many vocal cycles did the composer write:

A) 1

B) 4

AT 2

9. The crater was named in honor of F. Schubert:

A) on Jupiter

B) on Mercury

B) on Saturn

10. Which singer began to promote his songs:

A) I. Vogl

B) F. Chaliapin

B) M. Magomaev

11. Insert the missing word:

In 1828, a few months before his death, inVienna His author's concert took place and was a great success.

12. Underline the works of F. Schubert:

" Swan Lake","Trout", "Wanderer", "Prince Igor","Barcarolle", "Unfinished Symphony", "Ivan Susanin", "Lark", "Forest King", "On the Road".

13. Find an illustration for the ballad “The Forest King”:

A)B) IN)

14. To the verses of which German poet was the ballad “The Forest King” written:

A) Schiller

B) Shakespeare

B) Goethe

15. The speech of which character in the ballad sounds affectionate, enticing, soft:

A) Forest king

B) son

B) father

16. What is the character of the ballad “Forest King”:

A) quiet and calm

B) excited and anxious

B) cheerful and mischievous

ANNEX 1. 211-341-130
(Questions are distributed among desks for pair work along with various biography options depending on the individual characteristics of the children.)
1. Who is Franz Schubert?

7. Which works became most famous during Schubert's lifetime?

14. What musical movement was Schubert a representative of?

Franz Schubert (1797–1828) was an Austrian composer. Born into the family of a school teacher. In 1808–12 he was a choirmaster at the Vienna Court Chapel. He was brought up in the Vienna Convict.
In 1814–18 he was an assistant teacher at his father's school. By 1816, Schubert had created over 250 songs. A circle of friends formed around Schubert - admirers of his work. Singer I.M. Fogl became a promoter of his songs. Recognition came to Schubert only in the 20s. In 1828, a few months before Schubert's death, his author's concert took place in Vienna, which was a great success.
The most important place in Schubert's work is occupied by songs for voice and piano (about 600). One of the greatest melodists, Schubert reformed the song genre, endowing it with deep content. Schubert also created a new type of song with end-to-end development, as well as the first highly artistic examples of the vocal cycle. Schubert's songs use poems from about 100 poets, primarily Goethe (about 70 songs). During Schubert's lifetime, it was mainly his songs that became famous. Many major instrumental works were performed only decades after his death (“The Great” Symphony was performed in 1839, under the direction of F. Mendelssohn; “The Unfinished Symphony” - in 1865).

In Schubert's instrumental music, based on the traditions of composers of the Viennese classical school, song-type thematics acquired great importance. The composer sought to preserve the melodious lyrical theme as a whole, giving it new light with the help of tonal recoloring, timbre and texture variations.

Of Schubert’s 9 symphonies, 6 early ones (1813–18) are still close to the works of the Viennese classics, although they are distinguished by romantic freshness and spontaneity. The pinnacle examples of romantic symphonism are the lyrical-dramatic 2-part “Unfinished Symphony” (1822) and the majestic heroic-epic “Big” Symphony in C major (1825–28). Of Schubert's orchestral overtures, the two most popular are in the “Italian style” (1817). Schubert is the author of deep and significant chamber instrumental ensembles (one of the best is the trout piano quintet), a number of which were written for home music playing.
Piano music is an important area of ​​Schubert's work. Having experienced the influence of L. Beethoven, Schubert laid down the tradition of a free romantic interpretation of the piano sonata genre. The piano fantasy “The Wanderer” also anticipates the “poem” forms of the Romantics. Schubert's impromptu and musical moments are the first romantic miniatures, close to the works of F. Chopin, R. Schumann, F. Liszt. Schubert is the first major representative of musical romanticism.
Schubert's work is associated with Austrian folk art and the everyday music of Vienna, although he rarely used genuine folk song themes in his compositions. The composer also incorporated the peculiarities of the musical folklore of the Hungarians and Slavs who lived on the territory of the Austrian Empire. Of great importance in his music are color and brilliance, achieved through orchestration, enrichment of harmony with side triads, bringing together the major and minor keys of the same name, the widespread use of deviations and modulations, and the use of variational development.

Read the biography of Franz Schubert and answer the following questions:
2. When and where was Franz Schubert born?

11. What kind of person was Schubert?

15. When did real success come to Schubert?
(Write your answers in your notebook, number the questions in the order indicated.)
Franz Schubert was born on January 31, 1797 on the outskirts of Vienna. His father was a school teacher - a hardworking and respectable man. The eldest sons followed in their father's footsteps, and the same path was prepared for Schubert. But there was also music in the house. On holidays, a circle of amateur musicians gathered here; Franz’s father himself taught him to play the violin, and one of his brothers taught him to play the clavier.
It soon became clear to those around him that in front of them was an unusually gifted child. When Schubert was 11 years old, he was sent to a church singing school - konvikt. It had its own student orchestra, where Schubert soon began playing the first violin part, and sometimes even conducting.
In 1810, Schubert wrote his first composition. The passion for music embraced him more and more and gradually crowded out all other interests. He was oppressed by the need to study something that was far from music, and after five years, without finishing the convict, Schubert left it. This led to a deterioration in relations with his father, who was still trying to guide his son “on the right path.” Yielding to him, Franz entered the teachers' seminary, and then acted as an assistant teacher at his father's school. But the father’s intentions to make his son a teacher with a reliable income were never destined to come true.
He was short, stocky, short-sighted, shy and distinguished by extraordinary charm. The famous “Schubertiads” date back to this time - evenings devoted exclusively to the music of Schubert, when he did not leave the piano, composing music right there on the go... He creates every day, hourly, without fatigue and stopping, as if he knows that He didn't have much time left... The music didn't leave him even in his sleep - and he jumped up in the middle of the night to write it down on scraps of paper. In order not to look for glasses every time, he did not part with them.
Trusting and naive, he often became a victim of his publishers, who profited from him. The author of a huge number of works, and in particular songs, which during his lifetime became popular in burgher circles, he barely made ends meet. If Mozart, Beethoven, Liszt, Chopin, as excellent performing musicians, greatly contributed to the growth of the popularity of their works, then Schubert was not a virtuoso and only dared to act as an accompanist for his songs. And there is nothing to say about the symphonies - not a single one of them was ever performed during the composer’s lifetime.
More and more, Schubert plunged into despair and loneliness: the circle fell apart, his friends became family people with a position in society, and only Schubert remained naively faithful to the ideals of his youth, which had already passed. He was timid and did not know how to ask, but at the same time he did not want to humiliate himself in front of influential people - several places that he had the right to count on and that would have provided him with a comfortable existence were, as a result, given to other musicians.
In the last years of his life he was ill a lot and was in poverty, but his creative activity did not weaken. And yet, even if only once, he learned what real success was. In 1828, his friends organized a concert of his works in Vienna, which exceeded all expectations. Schubert is again full of daring plans, he is working intensively on new works. But there are several months left before death - Schubert falls ill with typhus. The body, weakened by years of need, cannot resist, and on November 19, 1828, Franz Schubert dies. His property is valued at pennies.
Read the biography of Franz Schubert and answer the following questions:
3. Who were Schubert's parents?

9. What role does piano accompaniment play in Schubert’s songs?

10. Which singer began to promote Schubert's work?
(Write your answers in your notebook, number the questions in the order indicated.)
Franz Peter Schubert is an outstanding Austrian composer, one of the founders of romanticism in music. Born on January 31, 1797 in Lichtenthal, a small suburb of Vienna. The son of a school teacher and the daughter of a mechanic. Quartet evenings at his father’s house played a major role in Schubert’s musical development: Schubert’s brothers, Ferdinand and Ignaz, played the 1st and 2nd violin parts, Schubert himself played the viola part, and his father played the cello part.
Participating in the boys' choir of the Lichtenthal Church, Schubert also performed as a soloist, impressing listeners with the beauty of his voice and the expressiveness of his singing. In October 1808, Schubert was accepted as one of the "singing boys" of the Court Chapel. He began to live and study in the Vienna Konvikt (a kind of boarding house and boarding school). While playing in the Konvikt student orchestra, Schubert became familiar with the music of Haydn, Mozart and Beethoven.
At the age of 13, Schubert was already the author of a number of works. His first major work was a fantasy for piano 4 hands, written in 1810. After the mutation of his voice, Schubert left convict without completing secondary education. In accordance with family traditions, at the insistence of his father, in the fall of 1813 he entered the teachers' seminary. Despite being very busy, Schubert composed a lot and continuously, improving his skills. Working as a school teacher, he devoted all his free hours to creativity.
Vocal and song lyrics occupy a central place in Schubert's work. Schubert wrote about 600 songs. The theme of personality in Schubert's songs is combined with the theme of nature, characteristic of the romantics. Images of nature (stream, forest, field, flowers) found a vivid artistic embodiment in their music. Schubert's songs are dominated by a clear, simple and very soulful melody. Piano accompaniment is often figurative in nature, but at the same time figurativeness is combined with deep psychological expressiveness. The piano part participates on equal terms with the vocals in creating a musical and poetic image. Schubert can rightfully be considered the founder of romantic vocal lyrics.
Attempts by Schubert and his friends to get his works published during these years were unsuccessful; only a narrow circle of friends and admirers knew about his creative achievements. Only after the magnificent singer and artist of the Vienna Opera, Michael Vogl, became interested in his songs in 1817 and began performing them, did Schubert’s name begin to become increasingly famous in Vienna. Often in the evenings, friends would have fun dancing to the sounds of Schubert's waltzes, which he immediately improvised. From time to time, evenings were held in a friendly circle, at which Schubert's works were played (these evenings were called "Schubertiads").
Beginning around 1821, Schubert's music became available to wider circles of Viennese society. These were mainly songs, in the propaganda of which the singer Vogl played a large role, as well as small piano pieces (dances). In 1821, the publication of Schubert's works also began - the composer's friends published several of his works at their own expense, after which Viennese publishers decided to print his works at their own peril and risk. However, mainly songs and piano dances were published. Schubert's more significant instrumental works still awaited publication for a long time.

Schubert lived only thirty-one years. He died exhausted physically and mentally, exhausted by failures in life. None of the composer's nine symphonies were performed during his lifetime. Of the six hundred songs, about two hundred were published, and of the two dozen piano sonatas, only three.

Read the biography of Franz Schubert and answer the following questions:
4. At what age was Schubert accepted into the court chapel?

5. Where did Schubert receive his musical education?

6. At what age did Schubert start composing?

16. How many years did Schubert live?

(Write your answers in your notebook, number the questions in the order indicated.)
Franz Peter Schubert is a famous composer. Born in Vienna on January 31, 1797, died there on November 19, 1828. Schubert's richly gifted musical nature showed itself very early; This was facilitated by the musical environment of his family that surrounded him. The family loved music very much and constantly organized musical evenings. His father played the cello, and his brothers played various instruments.
Having discovered musical abilities in little Franz, his father and older brother Ignatz began to teach him to play the violin and piano. Soon the boy was able to take part in home performances of string quartets, playing the viola part. Franz had a wonderful voice. He sang in the church choir, performing difficult solo parts. The father was pleased with his son's success.
In October 1808, Schubert was accepted as one of the "singing boys" of the Court Chapel; he began to live and study in the Vienna Konvikt (a kind of boarding house and boarding school). After leaving the chapel, Schubert lived by lessons. He studied mainly Gluck, Mozart and Beethoven.
In the field of song, Schubert was the successor of the latter. Thanks to Schubert, singing received an artistic form, enriching the field of concert vocal music. In all these works, Schubert showed remarkable melodic talent and a great variety of moods; he gave the accompaniment greater significance, greater artistic meaning. Schubert did not try, like his predecessors, to imitate the national character, but his songs involuntarily reflected the national current, and they became the property of the country. Schubert wrote almost 600 songs. Beethoven enjoyed his songs in the last days of his life.
Schubert's amazing musical gift was reflected in the areas of piano and symphony. Schubert is a successor to Beethoven. In the field of opera, Schubert was not so gifted; although he wrote about 20 of them, they will add little to his fame. Schubert's musical productivity was enormous. Starting from the 13th year of his life, he composed incessantly. The slightest prompting was enough to awaken Schubert's constantly restless spirit.
Schubert's element was song. In it he reached unprecedented heights. Her world is a world of simple and intimate human feelings, the most subtle and deep psychological experiences. This is a confession of the soul, expressed not with a pen or a word, but with sound. He elevated the genre, previously considered insignificant, to the level of artistic perfection.
In the highest circle, where Schubert was invited to accompany his vocal compositions, he was extremely reserved, was not interested in praise and even avoided it; Among his friends, on the contrary, he highly valued approval. The rumor about Schubert's intemperance had some basis: he often drank too much and then became hot-tempered and unpleasant to his circle of friends.
According to biographers, Schubert never changed anything in his compositions, because he did not have it for that time. He did not spare his health and, in the prime of his life and talent, died at the age of 31. The last year of his life, despite his poor health, was especially fruitful: it was then that he wrote a symphony in C major and a mass in es minor. During his lifetime he did not enjoy outstanding success. After his death, a mass of manuscripts remained that later saw the light (6 masses, 7 symphonies, 15 operas, etc.).

Read the biography of Franz Schubert and answer the following questions:
8. How many songs did Schubert write?

12. What were the names of Schubert’s musical meetings with friends?

13. Which composer did Schubert idolize?
(Write your answers in your notebook, number the questions in the order indicated.)
Franz Peter Schubert is an outstanding Austrian composer, one of the founders of romanticism in music. He wrote about 600 songs, nine symphonies (including the famous Unfinished Symphony), liturgical music, operas, and a large amount of chamber and solo piano music.
Franz Schubert was born on January 31, 1797 in Lichtenthal, a small suburb of Vienna, in the family of a schoolteacher who played music as an amateur. Of the fifteen children in the family, ten died at an early age. Franz showed musical talent very early. From the age of six he studied at a parish school, and his household taught him to play the violin and piano.
At the age of eleven, Franz was accepted into the Konvict - the court chapel, where, in addition to singing, he studied playing many instruments and music theory (under the guidance of Antonio Salieri). Leaving the chapel in 1813, Schubert took a job as a teacher at a school. He studied mainly Gluck, Mozart and Beethoven. He wrote his first independent works - the opera "Satan's Pleasure Castle" and the Mass in F major - in 1814.
In the field of song, Schubert was a successor to Beethoven. Thanks to Schubert, this genre received an artistic form, enriching the field of concert vocal music. Of great importance in vocal literature are Schubert’s large collections of songs based on the poems of Wilhelm Müller - “The Beautiful Miller’s Wife” and “Winter Reise”, which are, as it were, a continuation of Beethoven’s idea expressed in the collection of songs “To a Distant Beloved”. In all these works Schubert showed remarkable melodic talent and a wide variety of moods; he gave the accompaniment greater meaning, greater artistic meaning. The collection “Swan Song” is also remarkable, from which many songs have gained worldwide fame (for example, “Serenade”, “Shelter”, “Fisherman”, “By the Sea”. Schubert did not try, like his predecessors, to imitate the folk character, but in his The songs involuntarily reflected the national current, and they became the property of the country. Schubert wrote almost 600 songs. Beethoven enjoyed his songs in the last days of his life. Schubert's musical productivity was enormous. Since 1813, he composed incessantly.
In many ways, Schubert was helped by friends; often their meetings were devoted entirely to music. Works by Schubert were played. Sometimes there were parties, dancing, and Franz sat at the piano for hours and improvised. Such meetings were called “Schubertiads”.
In the highest circle, where Schubert was invited to accompany his vocal compositions, he was extremely reserved, was not interested in praise and even avoided it; Among his friends, on the contrary, he highly valued approval. According to biographers, Schubert never changed anything in his compositions, because he did not have it for that time. He did not spare his health and, in the prime of his life and talent, died at the age of 31. The last year of his life, despite his poor health, was especially fruitful. During his lifetime he did not enjoy outstanding success. After his death, a mass of manuscripts remained that later saw the light (6 masses, 7 symphonies, 15 operas, etc.).
The composer died of typhoid fever in Vienna on November 19, 1828. In accordance with his last wishes, Schubert was buried in the cemetery where Beethoven, whom he idolized, was buried a year earlier. An eloquent inscription is engraved on the monument: “Death buried here a rich treasure, but even more wonderful hopes.” A crater on Mercury is named after Schubert.