Russian writer and publicist public figure

Valentin Rasputin

short biography

Valentin Grigorievich Rasputin(March 15, 1937, the village of Ust-Uda, East Siberian Region - March 14, 2015, Moscow) - Russian writer and publicist, public figure. One of the most significant representatives village prose". In 1994, he initiated the creation All-Russian festival"Days of Russian Spirituality and Culture "Shine of Russia"" (Irkutsk). Hero of Socialist Labor (1987). Laureate of two State Prizes of the USSR (1977, 1987), the State Prize of Russia (2012) and the Prize of the Government of the Russian Federation (2010). Member of the Writers' Union of the USSR since 1967.

Born March 15, 1937 in the village of Ust-Uda, East Siberian (now Irkutsk region) region in a peasant family. Mother - Nina Ivanovna Rasputina, father - Grigory Nikitich Rasputin. From the age of two he lived in the village of Atalanka, Ust-Udinsky district. After graduating from the local primary school, he was forced to leave alone fifty kilometers from the house where the secondary school was located, about this period will subsequently be created famous story"French Lessons", 1973. After school, he entered the historical Faculty of Philology Irkutsk state university. IN student years became a freelance correspondent for a youth newspaper. One of his essays caught the attention of the editor. Later, this essay, under the title "I forgot to ask Lyoshka," was published in the Angara anthology in 1961.

In 1979, he joined the editorial board of the book series Literary monuments Siberia" of the East Siberian book publishing house. In the 1980s, he was a member of the editorial board of Roman-gazeta.

Lived and worked in Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk and Moscow.

On July 9, 2006, as a result of a plane crash that occurred at the airport of Irkutsk, the writer's daughter, 35-year-old Maria Rasputina, an organist, died. On May 1, 2012, at the age of 72, the writer's wife, Svetlana Ivanovna Rasputina, died.

Death

March 12, 2015 was hospitalized, was in a coma. On March 14, 2015, 4 hours before his 78th birthday, Valentin Grigorievich Rasputin died in his sleep, and according to Irkutsk time it was March 15, so fellow countrymen believe that he died on his birthday. Russian President Vladimir Putin expressed his condolences to the writer's family and friends. On March 16, 2015 mourning was declared in the Irkutsk region. On March 19, 2015, the writer was buried in the Znamensky Monastery in Irkutsk.

Creation

After graduating from university in 1959, Rasputin worked for several years in the newspapers of Irkutsk and Krasnoyarsk, often visited the construction of the Krasnoyarsk hydroelectric power station and the Abakan-Taishet highway. Essays and stories about what he saw were later included in his collections Campfire New Cities and The Land Near the Sky.

In 1965, he showed several new stories to Vladimir Chivilikhin, who came to Chita for a meeting of young writers of Siberia, who became the "godfather" of the beginning prose writer. Among the Russian classics, Rasputin considered Dostoevsky and Bunin to be his teachers.

Since 1966 - a professional writer, since 1967 - a member of the Writers' Union of the USSR.

The first book "The Land Near the Sky" was published in Irkutsk in 1966. In 1967, the book "A Man from This World" was published in Krasnoyarsk. In the same year, the story "Money for Mary" was published in the Irkutsk almanac "Angara" (No. 4), and in 1968 it was published as a separate book in Moscow by the publishing house "Young Guard".

The talent of the writer was revealed in full force in the story " Deadline"(1970), declaring the maturity and originality of the author.

This was followed by: the story "French Lessons" (1973), the novels "Live and Remember" (1974) and "Farewell to Matera" (1976).

In 1981, new stories were published: "Natasha", "What to convey to the crow?", "Live for a century - love a century."

The appearance in 1985 of the story "Fire", which is distinguished by the acuteness and modernity of the problem, aroused great interest among the reader.

IN last years the writer gave a lot of time and effort to public and journalistic activity without interrupting creativity. In 1995, his story "To the same land" was published; Essays "Down the Lena River". Throughout the 1990s, Rasputin published a number of stories from the Cycle of Stories about Senya Pozdnyakov: Senya Rides (1994), Memorial Day (1996), In the Evening (1997).

In 2006, the third edition of the album of the writer's essays "Siberia, Siberia ..." was published (previous editions 1991, 2000).

In 2010, the Writers' Union of Russia nominated Rasputin for the Nobel Prize in Literature.

In the Irkutsk region, his works are included in the regional school curriculum for extracurricular reading.

Tale

• Money for Mary (1967)
• Deadline (1970)
• Live and Remember (1974)
• Farewell to Matera (1976)
• Fire (1985)
• Ivan's daughter, Ivan's mother (2003)

Stories and essays

• I forgot to ask Leshka... (1965)
• The Edge Near the Sky (1966)
• Campfires of New Cities (1966)
• French Lessons (1973)
• Live a century - love a century (1982)
• Siberia, Siberia (1991)
• These Twenty Killing Years (co-authored with Viktor Kozhemyako) (2013)

Screen adaptations

• 1969 - "Rudolfio", dir. Dinara Asanova
• 1969 - "Rudolfio", dir. Valentin Kuklev (student work at VGIK) Rudolfio (video)
• 1978 - "French Lessons", dir. Evgeny Tashkov
• 1980 - "Meeting", dir. Alexander Itygilov
• 1980 - “Bear skin for sale”, dir. Alexander Itygilov
• 1981 - "Farewell", dir. Larisa Shepitko and Elem Klimov
• 1981 - "Vasily and Vasilisa", dir. Irina Poplavskaya
• 1985 - "Money for Mary", dir. Vladimir Andreev, Vladimir Khramov
• 2008 - "Live and Remember", dir. Alexander Proshkin
• 2017 - "Deadline". Channel "Culture" filmed the performance of Irkutsk drama theater them. Okhlopkova

Social and political activity

With the beginning of “perestroika”, Rasputin joined a broad socio-political struggle, took a consistent anti-liberal position, signed, in particular, an anti-perestroika letter condemning the Ogonyok magazine (Pravda, January 18, 1989), “Letter from Russian Writers” (1990), “Word to the People” (July 1991), the appeal of forty-three “Stop the reforms of death” (2001). The winged formula of counter-perestroika was Stolypin's phrase quoted by Rasputin in his speech at the First Congress of People's Deputies of the USSR: “You need great upheavals. We need a great country." March 2, 1990 in the newspaper " Literary Russia"The Letter of the Writers of Russia" was published, addressed to the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, the Supreme Soviet of the RSFSR and the Central Committee of the CPSU, where, in particular, it was said:

“In recent years, under the banner of the declared “democratization”, the construction of a “rule of law”, under the slogans of the fight against “fascism and racism”, the forces of social destabilization have been unbridled in our country, the successors of open racism have come to the forefront of ideological restructuring. Their refuge is multi-million circulation periodicals, television and radio channels broadcasting throughout the country. Massive harassment, defamation and persecution of representatives of the indigenous population of the country, essentially declared “outlawed” from the point of view of that mythical “rule of law” in which, it seems, there will be no place for either Russian or other indigenous peoples of Russia, is taking place.

He was among the 74 writers who signed this appeal.

In 1989-1990 - People's Deputy of the USSR.

In the summer of 1989, at the first Congress of People's Deputies of the USSR, he first proposed the withdrawal of Russia from the USSR. Subsequently, he claimed that in it “he who had ears heard not a call to Russia to slam the union door, but a warning not to make a fool or blindly, which is the same thing, a scapegoat from the Russian people.”

In 1990-1991 - member of the Presidential Council of the USSR under Gorbachev. Commenting on this episode of his life in a later conversation, the writer considered the work in the council to be fruitless and regretted agreeing to participate in it.

In December 1991, he was one of those who supported the appeal to the President of the USSR and the Supreme Soviet of the USSR with a proposal to convene an emergency Congress of People's Deputies of the USSR.

In 1996, he was one of the initiators of the opening of the Orthodox Women's Gymnasium in the name of Christmas Holy Mother of God in Irkutsk.

In Irkutsk, he contributed to the publication of the Orthodox-patriotic newspaper "Literary Irkutsk", was a member of the council literary magazine"Siberia".

In 2007, he spoke in support of Gennady Zyuganov. He was a supporter of the Communist Party.

Treated with respect historical role Stalin and to his perception in the public mind. Since July 26, 2010 - Member of the Patriarchal Council for Culture (Russian Orthodox Church)

July 30, 2012 expressed support for the criminal prosecution of the well-known feminist punk band Pussy Riot; Together with Valery Khatyushin, Vladimir Krupin, Konstantin Skvortsov, he published a statement entitled "Conscience does not allow silence." In it, he not only advocated criminal prosecution, but also spoke very critically about a letter written by cultural and art workers at the end of June, calling them accomplices of a "dirty ritual crime."

On March 6, 2014, he signed an appeal by the Writers' Union of Russia to the Federal Assembly and Russian President Putin, in which he expressed support for Russia's actions regarding Crimea and Ukraine.

Family

Father - Grigory Nikitich Rasputin (1913-1974), mother - Nina Ivanovna Rasputina (1911-1995).

Wife - Svetlana Ivanovna (1939-2012), daughter of the writer Ivan Molchanov-Sibirsky, Native sister Evgenia Ivanovna Molchanova, wife of the poet Vladimir Skif.

Son - Sergei Rasputin (born 1961), teacher of English.

Daughter - Maria Rasputina (May 8, 1971 - July 9, 2006), musicologist, organist, teacher at the Moscow Conservatory, died in a plane crash on July 9, 2006 in Irkutsk, in memory of her in 2009, the Soviet Russian composer Roman Ledenev wrote " Three dramatic passages" And " Last flight”, in memory of his daughter, Valentin Rasputin gave Irkutsk an exclusive organ, made many years ago by the St. Petersburg master Pavel Chilin especially for Maria.

Bibliography

• Selected works in 2 volumes. - M.: Young Guard, 1984. - 150,000 copies.
• Selected works in 2 volumes. - M.: Fiction, 1990. - 100,000 copies.
• Collected works in 3 volumes. - M .: Young Guard - Veche-AST, 1994. - 50,000 copies.
• Selected works in 2 volumes. - M.: Sovremennik, Bratsk: JSC "Bratskcomplexholding"., 1997.
• Collected works in 2 volumes (Deluxe Edition). - Kaliningrad.: Amber tale, 2001. (Russian way)
• Collected works in 4 volumes (set). - Publisher Sapronov, 2007. - 6000 copies.
• Small collected works. - M.: Azbuka-Atticus, Azbuka, 2015. - 3000 copies. (Small collected works)
• Rasputin V. G. Russia remains with us: Essays, essays, articles, speeches, conversations / Comp. T. I. Marshkova, foreword. V. Ya. Kurbatova / Ed. ed. O. A. Platonov. - M.: Institute of Russian Civilization, 2015. - 1200 p.

Awards

State awards:

• Hero of Socialist Labor (Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of March 14, 1987, Order of Lenin and Golden medal"Hammer and sickle") - for great achievements in the development Soviet literature, fruitful social activities and in connection with the fiftieth anniversary of the birth
• Order "For Merit to the Fatherland" III degree (March 8, 2008) - for great achievements in the development domestic literature and many years of creative activity
• Order "For Merit to the Fatherland" IV degree (October 28, 2002) - for his great contribution to the development of Russian literature
• Order of Alexander Nevsky (September 1, 2011) - for special personal services to the Fatherland in the development of culture and many years of creative activity
• Order of Lenin (November 16, 1984) - for merits in the development of Soviet literature and in connection with the 50th anniversary of the Union of Writers of the USSR
• Order of the Red Banner of Labor (1981),
• Order of the Badge of Honor (1971),

Ceremony literary prize Russia for 2011.
December 1, 2011

Prizes:

• Laureate of the State Prize Russian Federation for outstanding achievements in the field humanitarian action 2012 (2013)
• Laureate of the Prize of the President of the Russian Federation in the field of literature and art (2003),
• Laureate of the Prize of the Government of Russia for outstanding achievements in the field of culture (2010),
• Laureate of the State Prize of the USSR (1977, 1987),
• Laureate of the Irkutsk Komsomol Prize. Joseph Utkin (1968),
• Laureate of the Prize. L. N. Tolstoy (1992),
• Laureate of the Prize of the Foundation for the Development of Culture and Art under the Committee of Culture of the Irkutsk Region (1994),
• Laureate of the Prize. Saint Innocent of Irkutsk (1995),
• Laureate of the award of the journal "Siberia" named after. A. V. Zvereva,
• Winner of the Alexander Solzhenitsyn Prize (2000),
• Winner of the Literary Prize. F. M. Dostoevsky (2001),
• Laureate of the Prize. Alexander Nevsky "Russia's Faithful Sons" (2004),
• Winner of the "Best foreign novel of the year. XXI century” (China, 2005),
• Laureate of the All-Russian Literary Prize named after Sergei Aksakov (2005),
• Award Winner International Foundation Unity of Orthodox Peoples (2011),
• Winner of the " Yasnaya Polyana"(2012),

Honorary citizen of Irkutsk (1986), Honorary citizen of the Irkutsk region (1998).

Memory

• On March 19, 2015, the name of Valentin Rasputin was given to secondary school No. 5 in Uryupinsk (Volgograd Region).
• Named after Valentin Rasputin scientific library IGU.
• Siberia magazine No. 357/2 (2015) is entirely dedicated to Valentin Rasputin.
• The name of Valentin Rasputin will be given to a secondary school in Ust-Uda (Irkutsk region).
• The name of Valentin Rasputin will be given to a school in Bratsk.
• In 2015, the name of Valentin Rasputin was given to the Baikal international festival popular science and documentaries"Human and nature".
• On March 15, 2017, the Valentin Rasputin Museum was opened in Irkutsk.

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Valentin Grigorievich Rasputin (1937-2015) - Russian writer, laureate of numerous state awards of the USSR, publicist and public figure. He was born on March 15, 1937 in the village of Ust-Uda, East Siberian (Irkutsk) region of the Russian Federation. He has the title of Hero of Socialist Labor. The writer was often called the "singer of the village", in his works he glorified Rus'.

Difficult childhood

Valentine's parents were ordinary peasants. Shortly after the birth of their son, the family moved to the village of Atalanka. Subsequently, this area was flooded after the construction of the Bratsk hydroelectric power station. The father of the future prose writer participated in the Great Patriotic war, after demobilization, he got a job as a postmaster. Once, during a business trip, a bag of public money was taken away from him.

After this situation, Gregory was arrested, within seven next years he worked in the mines of Magadan. Rasputin was released only after Stalin's death, so his wife, a simple savings bank employee, had to raise three children alone. Future Writer since childhood, he admired the beauty of Siberian nature, he repeatedly described it in his stories. The boy loved to read, the neighbors generously shared books and magazines with him.

Prose writer's education

Rasputin studied at primary school villages of Atalanca. To finish high school, he had to travel 50 kilometers from home. Later, the young man described this period of life in his story "French Lessons". After leaving school, he decided to enter the philological faculty of Irkutsk University. Thanks to an excellent certificate, the young man easily managed to become a student.

Valentin from childhood realized how difficult it was for his mother. He sought to help her in everything, earned money and sent money. In the student period of his life, Rasputin begins to write small notes for a youth newspaper. His work was influenced by the passion for the works of Remarque, Proust and Hemingway. From 1957 to 1958 the guy becomes a freelance correspondent for the publication "Soviet Youth". In 1959, Rasputin was accepted into the staff, in the same year he defended his diploma.

Life after university

For some time after graduation, the prose writer works at a television studio and in an Irkutsk newspaper. The newspaper editor drew Special attention to a story called "I forgot to ask Lyoshka." Later, in 1961, this essay was published in the Angara anthology.

In 1962, the young man moved to Krasnoyarsk and received a position as a literary worker in the Krasnoyarsk Rabochiy newspaper. He often visited the construction sites of the local hydroelectric power station and the Abakan-Taishet highway. The writer drew inspiration even from such seemingly unsightly landscapes. Stories about the construction were later included in the collections "The Land Near the Sky" and "Campfires of New Cities".

From 1963 to 1966 Valentin works as a special correspondent for the Krasnoyarsky Komsomolets newspaper. In 1965, he participated in the Chita seminar together with other novice writers. There, the young man is noticed by the writer Vladimir Chivilikhin, later it was he who helped publish Valentine's works in the publication " TVNZ».

The first serious publication of the prose writer was the story "The wind is looking for you." After some time, the essay "Stofato's Departure" was published, it was published in the magazine "Spark". Rasputin had his first admirers, and soon more than a million Soviet residents read him. In 1966, the first collection of the writer was published in Irkutsk under the title "The Land Near the Sky". It includes old and new works written in different periods life.

A year later, a second book of stories was published in Krasnoyarsk, it was called "A Man from This World." At the same time, the Angara almanac publishes the story of Valentin Grigorievich "Money for Mary". A little later, this work was published as a separate book. After publication, the prose writer becomes a member of the Writers' Union and finally stops doing journalism. He decided to devote his later life exclusively for creativity.

In 1967, the weekly "Literaturnaya Rossiya" published the following essay by Rasputin under the title "Vasily and Vasilisa". In this story, you can already trace the original style of the writer. He was able to reveal the characters of the characters with very concise phrases, and story line always supplemented by descriptions of landscapes. All the characters in the prose writer's works were strong in spirit.

Creativity Peak

In 1970, the story "Deadline" was published. It is this work that is considered one of the key in the author's work, people all over the world read the book with pleasure. It was translated into 10 languages, critics called this work "a fire near which you can warm your soul." The prose writer emphasized simple human values that everyone should remember. He raised questions in his books that his colleagues did not dare to speak about.

Valentin Grigoryevich did not dwell on this, in 1974 his story “Live and Remember” was published, and in 1976 - “Farewell to Matyora”. After these two works, Rasputin was recognized as one of the best contemporary writers. In 1977 he received the State Prize of the USSR. In 1979, Valentin became a member of the editorial board of the Literary Monuments of Siberia series.

In 1981, the stories “Live for a century - love a century”, “Natasha” and “What to convey to a crow” were published. In 1985, the writer published the story "Fire", which touched readers to the core thanks to the sharp and contemporary issues. Over the following years, the essays "Unexpectedly, Unexpectedly", "Down the Lena River" and "Father's Limits" were published. In 1986, the prose writer was elected secretary of the board of the Writers' Union, later he managed to become co-chairman.

last years of life

Most Rasputin spent his life in Irkutsk. In 2004, the prose writer presented his book Ivan's Daughter, Ivan's Mother. Two years later, the third edition of the collection "Siberia, Siberia" appeared on sale.

Valentin Grigorievich was the owner of many prestigious awards. He was awarded the title of Hero socialist labor. The prose writer was a holder of the Orders of Lenin and the Red Banner of Labor. In 2008 he received an award for his contribution to Russian literature. In 2010, the writer was nominated for Nobel Prize on literature. At the same time, his stories are included in the school curriculum for extracurricular reading.

IN adulthood Rasputin began to actively participate in journalistic and social activities. The prose writer had a negative attitude towards the period of perestroika, he did not perceive liberal values, remaining with his conservative views. The writer fully supported the position of Stalin, considered it the only true one, did not recognize other options for the worldview.

From 1989 to 1990 he was a member of the Presidential Council during the reign of Mikhail Gorbachev, but colleagues did not listen to the opinion of Valentin. Later, the writer stated that he considered politics too dirty, he reluctantly recalled this period of his life. In the summer of 2010, Rasputin was elected a member of the Patriarchal Council for Culture, he represents the Orthodox Church.

On July 30, 2012, the writer joins the ranks of the persecutors of the feminist group Pussy Riot. He calls for capital punishment for girls, and also criticizes everyone who supported them. Rasputin published his statement under the title "Conscience does not allow silence."

In 2013, a joint book by Rasputin and Viktor Kozhemyako entitled "These Twenty Killing Years" appeared on store shelves. In this work, the authors criticize any changes, deny progress, arguing that in recent years the people have degraded. In the spring of 2014, the prose writer became one of the residents of Russia who supported the annexation of Crimea.

Personal life and family

Valentine was married to Svetlana Ivanovna Rasputina. The woman was the daughter of the writer Ivan Molchanov-Sibirsky, she always supported her husband. The prose writer repeatedly called his wife his muse and like-minded person, they had an excellent relationship.

The couple had two children: in 1961, a son, Sergei, was born, and a daughter was born ten years later. On July 9, 2006, she died in a plane crash. At that time, Maria was only 35 years old, she successfully studied music, played the organ. The tragedy crippled the health of the writer and his wife. Svetlana Ivanovna died on May 1, 2012 at the age of 72. The writer's death came three years later. On March 14, 2015, he died in Moscow, a few hours before his birthday.

Soviet literature

Grigory Efimovich Rasputin

Biography

RASPUTIN Valentin Grigoryevich (b. 03/15/1937), Russian writer and public figure.

Born on March 15 in the village of Ust-Uda, Irkutsk Region, into a peasant family. After school he entered the Faculty of History and Philology of Irkutsk University. During his student years, he became a freelance correspondent for a youth newspaper. One of his essays caught the attention of the editor. Later, this essay, under the title "I forgot to ask Leshka," was published in the anthology "Angara" (1961).

After graduating from university in 1959, Rasputin worked for several years in the newspapers of Irkutsk and Krasnoyarsk, often visiting construction sites. Krasnoyarsk hydroelectric power station and the Abakan-Taishet highway. Essays and stories about what he saw were later included in his collections Campfire New Cities and The Land Near the Sky.

In 1965, Rasputin showed several new stories to V. Chivilikhin, who came to Chita for a meeting of young Siberian writers, who became “ godfather»novice prose writer.

Rasputin's first book of short stories, A Man From This World, was published in 1967 in Krasnoyarsk. In the same year, the story "Money for Mary" was published.

The writer's talent was revealed in full force in the story "Deadline" (1970), declaring the maturity and originality of the author.

This was followed by the novels “Live and Remember” (1974) and “Farewell to Matyora” (1976), which put their author among the best contemporary Russian writers.

In 1981, new stories were published: "Natasha", "What to convey to the crow", "Live for a century - love a century."

The appearance in 1985 of Rasputin's story "Fire", which is distinguished by the acuteness and modernity of the problem, aroused great interest among the reader.

In recent years, the writer devotes a lot of time and effort to public and journalistic activities, without interrupting his work. In 1995, his story "To the same land" was published; essays "Down the Lenerek"; in 1996 - the stories "Remembrance Day"; in 1997 - "Unexpectedly, unexpectedly"; "Father's Limits" ("Vision" and "Evening"). Lives and works in Irkutsk.

A native Siberian from the village. Ust-Uda on the Angara, now flooded by the reservoir of the Bratsk hydroelectric power station. Graduated Irkutsk University in 1959. He began publishing in local press from essays and stories marked by undoubted talent, but at the level of Siberian-taiga romance. Rasputin's major success, which brought him literary fame, was the story "Money for Mary" (1967), which expressed the main idea of ​​the writer - the triumph of goodness and justice over the world of self-interest and self-will. Rasputin was at the same time ranked by the capital's appraisers among the writers of "village prose", although he never even limited himself to plot descriptions. rural life. Rasputin's literary success was developed by the subsequent novels and short stories ("Deadline", 1970, "Live and Remember", 1974, "Farewell to Matyora", 1976, etc.). The images of his heroes express the enormous spiritual wealth of a Russian person - kindness, conscientiousness, love for the Motherland, responsiveness, compassion, mutual assistance, cordiality, spiritual generosity, non-covetousness.

A person can live fully only with love for the Motherland, keeping in his soul the centuries-old traditions of his people. In the story Farewell to Matyora, Rasputin shows how a Russian person relates to the destruction of his national peace in the name of progress. By order from above, one of the many Russian villages should disappear from the face of the earth, be flooded. Peasants are forcibly relocated to another place - to a "promising" village built by mediocre "specialists" alien to the Russian people without love for the people who live here. "A simple Russian woman, Daria, has been resisting for five years, protecting her an old house and the whole village from the pogrom. For her, Matera and her home are the embodiment of the Motherland. Daria defends not the old hut, but the Motherland, where her grandfathers and great-grandfathers lived, and each log is not only hers, but also her ancestors. Her Russian heart hurts - "like on fire it, Christ's, burns and burns, aching and aching." As the critic Y. Seleznev accurately noted: “The name of the island and the village - Matyora - is not accidental with Rasputin. Matera, of course, is ideologically figuratively connected with such generic concepts as mother (mother - Earth, mother - Motherland), the mainland - the earth surrounded on all sides by the ocean (the island of Matera is, as it were, a “small mainland”). The cosmopolitan offensive of the so-called world progress, the transformation of a person into a soulless cog in the consumer world destroys spiritual civilization, undermines the foundations of the Orthodox worldview, which Daria so staunchly defends. Betraying your small motherland, a person loses the sources of the most important thing in life, degrades as a person, his life becomes gray and aimless. An event in the ideological life of society was Rasputin's story "Fire" (1985). This is a harsh artistic warning about the coming people's misfortune: spiritual decline, followed by social decline. With the beginning of "perestroika", Rasputin, who had previously eschewed the hustle and bustle of meetings, got involved in a broad socio-political struggle. He was one of the most active opponents of the wrecking "turn of the northern rivers" (Berger's project was canceled in July 1987). In 1989−91 - Deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, made passionate patriotic speeches, for the first time quoted the words of P. A. Stolypin about "great Russia" ("You need great upheavals, we need great Russia"). He was a member of the leadership of the Russian National Cathedral and the National Salvation Front. Then he publicly declared that "politics is a dirty business."

Grigory Efimovich Rasputin (01/21/1869 - 12/30/1916), real name New. Rasputin G.E. was born in the Tyumen province in the village of Pokrovskoye. Grigory Efimovich was recognized as a healer, although he had no education. The nickname "Rasputin", which was later assigned to him as a surname, Grigory received for a dissolute lifestyle in the village.

In 1890, he marries a fellow villager, Praskovya Fedorovna, whose marriage led to the birth of three children.

In 1892, Rasputin made his first pilgrimage to the Perm monastery on Verkhotur. After Rasputin comes to Athos - a Greek monastery, and then gets to Jerusalem. When Grigory returned to Pokrovskoye, he declares himself chosen by God, possessing a healing and miraculous gift.

In 1900, Rasputin went to Kyiv, where he met with Archimandrite Chrysanth. The archimandrite sends him to St. Petersburg to the Theological Academy to Father Feofan, where he arrives in 1903.

In 1905, a rumor about a healer reaches the imperial court. And in 1907, when Tsarevich Alexei, suffering from hemophilia, has another attack, the Empress finds Rasputin. Grigory Rasputin becomes close to the emperor's family, heals Alexei and gradually begins to influence the country's politics.

In 1915-1916, when four officials of the Prime Minister change in a short period of time, the whole court begins to discuss Rasputin's favoritism. Then a conspiracy began to mature against Rasputin.

12/30/1916 - Yusupov, Dmitry Romanov and Purishkevich are planning an attempt on Rasputin. Having invited him, they try to poison Gregory by adding potassium cyanide to the treat. But the poison had no effect on him, and then Yusupov wounded the healer with a shot. Dmitry and Vladimir kill Rasputin, after which they throw the body into the hole.

After lifting the body, it turns out that Rasputin was still alive when he was thrown, but ended up choking. Grigory Rasputin was buried in Tsarskoye Selo near the chapel of the imperial palace, but in 1917 his body was exhumed and burned.

The main events of the life of V. G. Rasputin

1954 - Graduates from high school and enters the first year of the Faculty of History and Philology of Irkutsk University.

1955 - Acquaintance with Alexander Vampilov, who entered the first year of the Faculty of History and Philology of ISU.

1957 - Rasputin begins to work as a freelance correspondent for the newspaper "Soviet Youth".

1957 March 30- the first publication of V. Rasputin "There is absolutely no time to be bored" appears in the newspaper "Soviet Youth".

1958 - publications in the newspaper "Soviet Youth"

1959 - Graduates of the fifth year of the Faculty of History and Philology of ISU. Works in the newspaper "Soviet Youth". Under newspaper publications, the pseudonym V. Kairsky appears.

1961 - in the anthology "Angara" for the first time published the story of Rasputin ("I forgot to ask Leshka ..."). Rasputin resigns from the editorial office of the newspaper "Soviet Youth" and takes the position of editor of literary and dramatic programs of the Irkutsk television studio. In the newspaper "Soviet Youth" (February 12, September 17), in the Angara almanac, the publication of stories and essays begins future book"Edge near the sky."

1962 - Rasputin quits the Irkutsk television studio and works in the editorial offices of various newspapers (Soviet Youth, Krasnoyarsky Komsomolets, Krasnoyarsky Rabochiy, etc.) In August of the same year, Rasputin was hired as a literary employee of the Krasnoyarsky Rabochiy newspaper in Krasnoyarsk.

1964 - in the newspaper "Vostochno-Sibirskaya Pravda" the story "A Man from This World" was published.

1965 - in the anthology "Angara" the story "A Man from This World" was published. In the same year, Rasputin took part in the Chita zonal seminar for novice writers, met with V. Chivilikhin, who noted the talent of the novice author. The newspaper "Komsomolskaya Pravda" published the story "The wind is looking for you." In the magazine "Ogonyok" the essay "Stofato's Departure" was published.

1966 - in Krasnoyarsk, a book of essays "Campfires of New Cities" is published, in Irkutsk - the book "The Land Near the Sky".

1967 - The story "Money for Mary" is published, which brought fame to the writer. Rasputin is admitted to the Writers' Union of the USSR.

1968 - The writer was awarded the I. Utkin Komsomol Prize.

1969 - the beginning of work on the story "Deadline".

1970 - publication of the story "Deadline", which brought wide fame to the author.

1971 - a trip to Bulgaria as part of the club of the Soviet-Bulgarian youth creative intelligentsia. In Novosibirsk (West Siberian Book Publishing House) in the series "Young Prose of Siberia" the book "Deadline" is published with an afterword by S. Vikulov, which brought Rasputin worldwide fame. Awarded with the Order of the Badge of Honor.

1974 - the story "Live and remember" is published.

1976 - the story "Farewell to Matyora" is published. In the same year, Rasputin made a trip to Finland at the invitation of a Swedish seminar on questions of literature and culture. Then he travels to the Federal Republic of Germany to the book fair in Frankfurt am Main. Rasputin's works are published abroad in various (English, German, French, Italian, Lithuanian, Hungarian, Polish, etc.) languages.

1977 - at the Moscow Theatre. M. Yermolova staged the play "Money for Mary" based on the story of the same name. The play "Deadline" based on the play by V. Rasputin was staged at the Moscow Art Theater. For the story "Live and remember" awarded State Prize THE USSR.

1978 - Rasputin is baptized in Yelets. The writer is baptized by the elder Isaac, who wandered abroad a lot after the revolution. At the time of emigration, he was one of the leaders of the Theological Institute in Paris. Returning to his homeland after the war, he went through camps and exile, and at the end of his life he settled in Yelets. Here he became the center of attraction for pilgrims from all over Russia.

In the same year, the television film by K. Tashkov “French Lessons” based on the story of the same name by Rasputin, was released on the screens of the country.

1979 - A trip to France.

1981 - Awarded the Order of the Red Banner of Labor.

1983 – a trip to the Federal Republic of Germany for a meeting organized by the Interlit-82 club.

1984 - Awarded the Order of Lenin.

1984 - a trip to Mexico at the invitation of the Institute of Fine Arts.

1985 - Elected a member of the Board of the Union of Writers of the USSR and the RSFSR.

1985 – a trip to Kansas City (USA) at the invitation of the university. Lectures on modern prose.

1986 – a trip to Bulgaria, Japan, Sweden.

1986 - title of Honorary Citizen of Irkutsk.

1987 – The State Prize of the USSR was awarded for the story “Fire”.

1987 – awarded the title Hero of Socialist Labor and the Order of Lenin A trip to West Berlin and the FRG as part of a delegation studying the problems of ecology and culture.

1989 - publication in the newspaper Pravda (01/18/1989) of a letter condemning the liberal position of the magazine Ogonyok.

1989–1990 - People's Deputy of the USSR.

1990–1991 - Member of the Presidential Council under the President of the USSR M. S. Gorbachev.

1991 - signed the appeal "Word to the people."

1992 - Laureate of the Prize L. N. Tolstoy.

1994 - Speech at the World Russian Council ("The Way of Salvation").

1994 – Laureate of the Culture and Art Development Fund under the Culture Committee of the Irkutsk Region.

1995 - By decision of the Irkutsk City Duma, V. G. Rasputin was awarded the title of "Honorary Citizen of the City of Irkutsk." On the initiative of the writer and the administration of the city of Irkutsk, the first holiday "Days of Russian Spirituality and Culture" Radiance of Russia "was held, which since that time has been held annually in Irkutsk, and since 1997 - throughout the region.

1995 - Laureate of the Prize. Saint Innocent of Irkutsk.

1995 - Laureate of the award of the magazine "Siberia" them. A. V. Zvereva.

1996 - Moscow schoolchildren and students of humanitarian universities were the main arbiters in the award to V. G. Rasputin International Prize"Moscow - Penne".

1997 – V. Rasputin was awarded the prize of the Holy All-Praised Apostle Andrew the First-Called Foundation “For Faith and Loyalty”. In the same year, a two-volume selected works V. Rasputin.

1998 - Awarded the title of Honorary Citizen of the Irkutsk Region.

1999 - performance "Gone - goodbye?" in Italy at the International Conference on Problems modern world and forecasts for the future.

2000 - Awarded to them. Solzhenitsyn.

2001 – signed the Appeal of the 43rd “Stop the reforms of death”.

2002 - Awarded the Order of Merit for the Fatherland IV degree.

2002 - at the celebration of the First international days F. Dostoevsky in Estonia V. G. Rasputin was awarded the F. Dostoevsky Prize. In the same year he takes part in the World Russian People's Council. The text of the speech was published in Russkiy Vestnik and Native Land.

2002 - The Russian Orthodox Church awarded V. G. Rasputin one of the highest distinctions - the Order Reverend Sergius Radonezh II degree.

2003 - Laureate of the Presidential Prize in the field of literature and art.

2004 - Laureate of the Prize Alexander Nevsky "Russia's Faithful Sons".

2005 - Laureate of the All-Russian Literary Prize. Sergei Aksakov.

2005 - Winner of the Best Foreign Novel of the Year Award. XXI Century".

2007 - Awarded the Order of Merit for the Fatherland III degree.

2010 - Laureate of the Prize of the Government of Russia for outstanding achievements in the field of culture.

2010 - Appointed a member of the Patriarchal Council for Culture of the Russian Orthodox Church.

2011 - Awarded the Order of St. Alexander Nevsky.

2010 - Laureate of the International Foundation for the Unity of Orthodox Peoples.

2012 Laureate of the Yasnaya Polyana Prize.

2012 – the conference “Valentin Rasputin and eternal questions”as part of the book fair “Books of Russia”.

March 15, 2012- 75th birthday, congratulations from the Prime Minister of the Government of the Russian Federation V.V. Putin.

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