Business plan for a home appliance repair shop. How to start a home appliance repair business

Technology surrounds us very tightly in everyday life and simplifies manual labor, making it a comfortable and enjoyable experience. But even the most expensive and modern models of household appliances can break down. Buying new ones is not always profitable, but repairing old equipment so that it serves for another couple of years is reasonable. Therefore, the demand for repair services has always been and will be in demand in cities with any population. Below is a business plan for a home appliance repair shop. The example was calculated for the regional center.

Information about the company

Main activity: repair of large and small household appliances. The workshop is expected to perform maintenance, adjustment and warranty service under a contract with a local household appliance retailer.

Legal form: individual entrepreneurship.

The main consumers should be residents of the city and nearby settlements of another region, republic. This may be due to the fact that residents of neighboring areas have the easiest access to the city than to other large settlements. In addition, the city has regular bus services to neighboring regions of the republic.

Goal: in a year, the workshop must withstand the onslaught of competitors, gain consumer confidence, pay off debts accumulated during the foundation of the project: for rent, purchase of equipment, spare parts, furniture and many other costs.

Over the next 2-3 years, the workshop should become one of the best and most respectable workshops in the field of consumer services and repairs in the appliance repair market. But in order to achieve the maximum goal, it is necessary to win the trust and respect of consumers. Service quality indicators should be such that customers are responsive and loyal to their contractor.

Accommodation: semi-basement in a large residential area of ​​the city. The area of ​​the workshop will be about 120 square meters. m. It includes a reception room, jobs for mechanics, a separate room for the director, a warehouse for repaired and accepted household appliances.

Consider the table of workshop premises:

Form of ownership of the premises: lease, confirmed by the rental agreement.

Taxation: simplified taxation system (income minus expenses).

Opening hours: every day from 10:00 to 19:00, including weekends. The schedule is chosen based on the standard working day of office workers, until 17:00. Most customers will be able to get into the workshop after their working day. On weekends, customers from suburban areas will be able to contact the workshop.

Paperwork

For registration, the IP form was chosen. But if you plan to work as an authorized service center for large manufacturers and retail chains, an LLC is formed. There is less trust in individual entrepreneurs, and it will be more difficult to obtain a service contract. There are no manufacturers of household appliances in the selected city. A contract was made with a local store to service their goods. Under the contract, the workshop performs repairs free of charge within the warranty period, in cases specified in the warranty contract (3 months). Further, customers are served at full cost.

To apply for an IP, you will need the following package of documents:

• Photocopies of the passport and TIN, certified by a notary.
• Application for registration of a type of activity. When filling out, the main (mandatory) type of activity and two additional ones are indicated. Even if you do not have the desire to immediately expand your business, we recommend that you indicate additional activities. At the first consideration of the application, registration of additional activities is free, with further expansion you will have to pay extra. The application shall indicate OKVED: 95.21 "Repair of electronic household appliances", 95.22 "Repair of household appliances and garden equipment", 95.22.1 "Repair of household appliances".
• Receipt from any branch of the bank on payment of the state fee.

Competition and pricing

Competition plays a big role in the development of an enterprise, as each company tries in every possible way to attract as many customers as possible. There are many ways to attract, we have chosen the following: home service, providing discounts for regular customers, veterans of the Second World War, the Afghan war, the Chechen war, the disabled, orphans and the elderly; delivery of repaired equipment, provision of warranty repair in case of repeated failure.

In addition, competition improves the quality of repair, adjustment, customer service, reduces repair time and price.

Currently, the cost of repairs for a certain type of equipment fluctuates. This means that it is necessary to choose a price so that the company does not suffer losses.

In addition, the cost should correspond to the quality of the repair, and not vice versa.

Price list for workshop services:

Such rates are suitable for the normal development of the workshop, as they are 10% lower than those of competitors, but will not lead to bankruptcy.

Repair company equipment

To organize a small workshop, the following equipment and furniture is purchased:

Additionally, craftsmen will need consumables: solder, screws, nuts, glue, etc. It is planned to spend from 25,000 rubles per month on consumables.

Personnel formation

In the workshop, the director and accountant belong to the administrative and managerial staff. Working hours: Monday to Friday from 10:00 to 19:00. The accountant, in addition to the financial part, takes on the role of administrator.

Company administration salary and bonus:

Craftsmen are hired as working personnel. The number of masters is at least 4 people, since the work will be carried out in shifts, according to the schedule: two days after two. Each worker is responsible for the repair of a particular instrument. Employees are interchangeable during holidays and with respectful absenteeism.

A cleaner is hired as support staff. Support staff work schedule - 2 hours from 10:00 to 12:00. Responsibilities include wet cleaning and once a month general cleaning of the premises.

Salary and bonuses for working and support staff:

Summary sheet of the number of workers:

In total, the amount of 201,700 rubles per month will be needed for staff salaries and deductions to funds. It can be safely added to the initial capital, since the first few months you will have to pay wages out of your own pocket.

Implementation stages

It is possible to implement the project of a household appliances workshop in 2 months. The table below shows the schedule from September 1st to November 1st. Seasonality does not affect profitability, so you can open a workshop at any time of the year.

Workshop opening hours:

All stages are scheduled for specific periods of time. This will help to control processes and run the workshop on time with less loss of time.

Investments and income

Infusions

The following initial investments will be needed to open a small household appliances workshop:

You can reduce costs by purchasing a used tool, but then the monthly costs for its depreciation and replacement will increase. And this will increase the overall cost. Therefore, it is worth buying a quality tool with warranty service.

Monthly expenses

We plan income

The profitability of the workshop will not be affected by seasonality, so the main factors on which profit depends are traffic and the effect of advertising. There are no competitors near the workshop, so in 1 month the master will bring at least 120,000 rubles. Monthly revenue will be from 480,000 rubles.

Calculate net income by subtracting expenses per month from revenue:

480,000 - 276,700 \u003d 203,300 rubles.

In total, the company brings in net income per year: 203,300 x 12 = 2,439,600 rubles.

Calculate profitability:

(203,300 / 827,900) x 100% = 24.55%.

Until the entrepreneur returns the main investment, the profit will be divided into the following parts:

• 5% - non-productive expenses (payment for trips to the client's house, unforeseen expenses).
• 10% - the main fund.
• 45% return on investment.
• 40% - expansion.

Since only 45% will go to return on investment every month, which is 91,485 rubles, you can calculate the payback of the project:

827,900 / 91,485 = 9 months. Taking into account all the risks, the payback of the project is 1 year.

Eventually

This business plan for a household appliance repair shop with calculations is easily adjusted for any region. You need to invest in the project at least 828,000 rubles. But the payback, in the presence of a constant flow of customers, will be only 9 months. At the same time, the calculations took into account accumulative funds for business expansion. In a year, you will be able to open another workshop and increase income, and thanks to the promotion of the first point, the second workshop will become profitable in 5-6 months.

Service centers that repair equipment are divided into 2 types depending on the type of repaired devices: single-brand and multi-brand. Multi-brand workshops are, in principle, subsidiaries of a manufacturer.

Service centers (SC) for the repair of equipment from different manufacturers are completely independent and work based only on the ingenuity of the management and the skill of specialists. In small workshops, the functions of a repairman and a manager are often combined in one person. But even among such services there are slight differences, some repair everything in a row, while others repair only certain types of devices.

But as practice shows, many SCs are gradually moving to the repair of everything in a row, this is more connected with the state of affairs in the market and in the country, where it is not necessary to go through much. And working with equipment of the same brand and type is unprofitable. As a result, many services are switching to the repair of equipment from different manufacturers. But there is also a negative point in this transition, the fact is that citizens will trust service centers that have been authorized by the manufacturer and hang out its logo more. It is worth noting that obtaining authorization is quite expensive. Consequently, many services spit on prestige, and repair everything in a row, and focus on increasing their reputation not with logos on signs, but with the impeccable quality of repairs.

The main reason during cooperation with the manufacturer for the service center is the difficulty of importing original parts and components. Cunning manufacturers often shift the problems with transportation onto the shoulders of the workshop. All this imposes additional costs and significantly increases the repair time.

Where to begin?

If you do not want to waste your time on trifles, it is best to immediately conclude an agreement with a call center, whose memorable number will be of great help to you. At first, you will have to spend money on advertising, the costs of which usually "eat up" about half of the start-up capital.

Another factor that can ensure success in this type of business is the repair time, which is much shorter than that of competitors. Such deadlines are achieved by a well-organized supply of spare parts - “fast logistics”. To achieve maximum efficiency in this area, experts recommend acquiring a network of suppliers that will replace each other. A significant expense item, which cannot be dispensed with, will be a set of test equipment for those types of equipment with which you will be dealing. Its cost can reach 100 thousand dollars. However, in some cities, the household appliance repair business thrives with only the most primitive equipment - roughly speaking, a tester and a soldering iron, such a business can be organized almost from scratch. And often such a business turns out to be much more tenacious than a business organized according to all the rules of science - such are the paradoxes of reality.

For the full functioning of the service center, you will definitely need:

• reception point;
• directly repair shop;
• transport for the delivery of large-sized equipment to the repair shop.

Negative points

When considering the idea of ​​a business to open a repair business, it should be borne in mind that its profitability, according to statistics, is very low - 6%. This is due to the fact that prices for many types of household appliances are quite low today, and it often becomes more profitable for consumers of repair services to purchase new appliances to replace the old ones, which not only require repair, but are also obsolete. On the other hand, even if the consumer wants to repair a model that is more than 5 years old, then most likely he will face the problem of a lack of spare parts. However, all of the above does not apply to the repair of refrigerators. These units are not affordable, like players, and do not become morally obsolete as quickly as computer equipment. At the same time, unlike a player, not a single family can do without a refrigerator, and repairing a refrigerator is not particularly difficult. Any person who has any idea about fixing appliances can learn how to fix refrigerators within a month.

What other difficultiescan you encounter?

There are a lot of problems:

• lack of intelligent engineers;
• inadequate requests for salaries from the capital's craftsmen;
• high non-competitive prices for spare parts from suppliers;
• interruptions in own supplies;
• a huge number of defective parts that cannot be returned;
• violation of the terms of repairs;
• poor quality of spare parts and crooked hands of craftsmen, which leads to complaints and claims from customers.

TOWhat documents are needed to open a service center?

Registration of a private entrepreneur is enough to start. No licenses or permits are required.

Whichneededstart-up capital?

$ 10,000 will be enough to open a small workshop. The money will be used to purchase equipment, furniture, rent a small room (15-30 square meters), advertising, and purchase a minimum spare parts warehouse.

Howovapaybackavailability?

It all depends on many factors, you can recapture the initial investment in 2 months, or you can even burn out and never return this money. After all, it is important to understand that customers have money, they must come to you and give it to you. But how many customers will turn in the first month depends on the site, on advertising, on the list of services that you provide, etc.

Choose a business concept. All subsequent steps depend on this. Modern home appliance repair companies are divided into two types:

1. Monobrand - these are service centers of a certain manufacturer of household appliances. Here there is an additional division into types - they are completely dependent on the manufacturer, relatively independent and work on an equal partnership basis.
2. Multi-brand - perform maintenance and repair of household appliances, mobile phones and computers of any brand.

The second type is preferable, because this is how you expand the target audience. But newcomers often start under the wing of a popular brand, which significantly reduces the risks and does not require significant initial investments in artisan advertising. The choice also depends on the qualifications of your craftsmen, the characteristics of the city and consumer demand.

Main risks

High-quality and prompt repair of household appliances is in constant demand. In times of crisis, when consumers are forced to abandon expensive purchases, the need for this service increases. The main risks are associated with subjective factors - low qualification and irresponsibility of employees, lack of a clear and thoughtful business plan.

The competition in this area is very high. Not only officially operating firms and service centers of manufacturers are engaged in the repair of household appliances. A lot of masters work informally at home. You must offer your customers high-quality and affordable services, find a reasonable balance between these factors in order to get a decent profit.

It is important to correctly calculate your financial capabilities, because adequate diagnostics of breakdowns requires modern equipment. Much depends on the quality of the parts - finding reliable suppliers offering reasonable prices is also an important point.

Location

For work, a room with a total area of ​​​​80 m², divided into a reception point and a room for the work of craftsmen, is quite enough. If you plan to work in a small village, you can rent a room as close as possible to the center - the price per square meter is low here.

In large cities with high competition and rental prices, a beginner will have to look for compromise options. Pay attention to the new sleeping areas. The density of inhabitants in them is quite high, and the infrastructure has not yet been established. A great option is a workshop in an area with low rental costs and several collection points scattered around the city. Payroll costs will increase, but you will gain a significant advantage by offering your services to the widest possible range of potential clients.

Beginners use another option. One large workshop is located in a densely populated residential area with a low cost of rent. The firm offers services at the client's home. The master leaves, carries out diagnostics and, if necessary, takes household appliances for repair to the workshop.

Equipment

In the absence of a large start-up capital, many workshops start with a minimal set - an oscilloscope, a tester, a soldering iron and hand tools. But for high-quality and prompt customer service, it is necessary to assemble a decent set of professional equipment:

Spectrum analyzer - about 40,000 rubles.
- Ammeter voltmeter - about 6,000 rubles.
- Frequency meter - high-quality models are offered at a price of 300,000 rubles.
- A professional set of tools and accessories - about 200,000 rubles.

For prompt customer service, it is necessary to equip the warehouse with at least a minimum set of the most popular spare parts. Ideally, for this you need to prepare about 1,000,000 rubles. This is a large amount, not all beginners have the opportunity to purchase everything they need at once. Experienced entrepreneurs advise finding a reliable supplier with a wide range of quality parts that ensures fast delivery. But you must invest part of the profits in the purchase of the most sought-after spare parts and form your own warehouse.

You will also need comfortable furniture for the work of craftsmen, good lighting, modern ventilation. The workshop is also equipped with shelves for storing parts and household appliances awaiting repair or shipment to the client. This article of start-up costs will pull another 200,000-300,000 rubles.

Availability of transport for the delivery of orders is required. The best choice is a Gazelle pickup truck, a used car in good condition can be bought for 120,000 rubles.

Personnel

The most important employees for this business are skilled craftsmen. You can't skimp on their wages. The best payment system is a fixed rate + a percentage of revenue, which depends on the volume of completed orders by each employee. Initially, you can hire two masters, as the number of orders increases, you can expand the staff.

At the initial stage, organizational issues, the search for new customers and quality control can be handled by the business owner. But over time, it is desirable to hire a chief master and deal with business expansion issues.

Financial reporting should be entrusted to an experienced accountant. The specifics of the work of the workshop is such that it will not be possible to outsource this site.

Documents and licenses

A household appliance repair shop can work as an individual entrepreneur and choose a UTII taxation system. But if you plan to work with legal entities, it is better to choose the simplified tax system. Registration of a company takes five working days, the state fee costs 800 rubles. There are no special requirements from SES. The control of fire supervision in this area is stricter. Find out these requirements in advance, they include the reliability of wiring, ventilation and many other nuances that must be taken into account even while searching for a room and carrying out repairs.

The specifics of the work of a workshop for the repair of household appliances, associated with frequent visits to customers' homes, involves the use of strict reporting forms. They must be registered with the tax office.

Profitability

The minimum initial investment for opening a full-fledged workshop is about 6,000,000 rubles. In the first months of work, the profitability of the company will not exceed 10%. Many workshops work only to cover current expenses and purchase the necessary equipment for 1-2 years. But with the right approach to pricing and a high level of service, you can gradually increase the profitability of your business. This direction belongs to low-margin, but stable.

Marketing

Workshop advertising should be very active. Use whatever methods are available. Your sign should be visible from afar and catch the eye of passers-by. Be sure to place a phone number on outdoor advertising - it should be simple and easy to remember. If a person breaks down a household appliance, he will remember you and call.

Competent pricing policy is one of the most important factors. Offer customers free diagnostics. You can immediately include the cost of the work of the troubleshooting wizard in the cost of repairs. But the presence of a free service always attracts customers.

The company's website and active efforts to promote it in the modern city is a must. Provide an opportunity to call the master and describe the essence of the breakdown online. Many people are looking for a master on the Internet and choose a company whose website they saw among the first positions. Traditional ads, business cards, advertising in local media also give a good result. It is worth thinking about buying up old models of household appliances. This will create a warehouse of rare parts. Household appliances quickly become obsolete. Manufacturers offer new models, and in just a few years it is very difficult to find spare parts for the old one.

Summary

Appliance repair is not the most profitable business. But it is in stable demand.