Attention deficit disorder in children drug treatment. Definition of Attention Deficit Disorder (ADHD)

⁰

In recent years, among the problems of child psychiatry, attention deficit disorder has begun to be singled out, its signs have recently been manifested in many children over 5 years old. To be more precise, the diagnosis of this disease becomes possible only after reaching this age. The manifestation of all symptoms in a child of four years is an absolute norm, since the level of development of his psyche does not yet allow sufficient control over his consciousness.

Causes and signs of attention deficit

Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD) is twice as common in boys as in girls between the ages of 7 and 12. Usually, attention deficit disorder is accompanied by increased physical activity, in other words, hyperactivity. The child is not able to sit still and be constantly in a state of excitement, which does not decrease regardless of the amount of physical activity.

However, the main symptoms of ADD are:

decreased attention and memory impairment;
violation of intellectual function;
increased level of emotional fatigue;
the inability to follow instructions and adhere to the framework of generally accepted behavior;
problems with coordination of movements;
emotional instability;
physical disinhibition (inability to stand still, wait).

Children suffering from this disease go through a very difficult period of adaptation at school, and adaptation may not occur even by the time the child moves to the secondary level.

Research on Attention Deficit Disorder

Work in the field of attention disorders in children began approximately 150 years ago in the United States. It was then that the number of so-called asocial elements began to increase among children, primary school students. What was it?

Presentation: "Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in children (diagnosis, clinic, therapy)"

There was a sharp increase in the number of children who could not concentrate on the lesson, were constantly distracted, went about their business, or even got up and left the classroom. Such behavior could not go unnoticed, and teachers, together with their parents, turned to psychiatric research centers.

It was then that scientists singled out this disease from the general range of disorders of the internal state. The cause could not be established, but subsequently it was believed that this disease is of a genetic nature.

It's just that the ability to accumulate in signs is higher than in other syndromes. It is now believed that one of the reasons for such a catastrophic increase in the number of children suffering from attention deficit disorder is directly related to the level of urbanization and the huge amount of information. Modern scientists believe that ADD is a weak manifestation of autism, that is, an attempt to escape from the world, with the load of which the psyche of this particular person is not ready to cope.

ADD as a socio-psychological problem

Very often, parents deny that their children have any mental problems, thereby complicating life in the future. After all, the level of his success and social definition depend on what the preparation for adult life will be. The denial of the problem leads to only one thing, to the formation of an inferior, insecure personality.

Presentation: "Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder"

Distrust of teachers and psychologists in the modern world leads our society to the presence of a huge number of people incapable of self-realization. And the reason lies in the fact that a few years earlier, the advice of an elementary school teacher and a school psychologist was ignored by parents.

Of course, it's much easier to take the "You're all wrong and nitpicking" attitude than it is to admit that your child needs treatment and remedial classes. In a situation with the presence of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, the best thing parents can do is help the baby adapt to the world around him.

It is not his fault that his psyche has suffered from all sorts of negative environmental factors. And of course, he is not to blame for the fact that his parents do not want or are ashamed to sit in line with a child psychiatrist, thereby more and more alienating a person from normal society.

Ways to relieve symptoms of ADD

Working with such children should be multidirectional. Unfortunately, only a teacher-psychologist who observes a child in a team is able to identify attention deficit disorder in children. Since it manifests itself most often in group and intellectual activity.

Although, speaking of the multimodality of correctional work, we mean involving the child in various activities, it is worth saying that the primary task of the psychologist here is to work with parents.

It is important to convey to them that no one is trying to deceive you or put you in a bad light. They want to help you, only for the good of your child.

Presentation: "Techniques for working with a hyperactive child"

Unfortunately, now such conversations have to be held with almost every parent who is faced with such a problem, many of them refuse treatment in favor of an easier path called "outgrow".

In order to minimize the degree of attentional impairment in children, the following steps should be taken in the process of psychological treatment.

Increase the child’s motor activity (however, these should by no means be sports of a competitive nature. With the right selection of loads, the level of stress activity decreases and the ability to control one’s own body and mind increases);
Psychological and pedagogical correction. Selection of types of educational activities suitable for a particular child. Often a change of team is shown, with the creation of situations of success in a new place, a different attitude of others can radically change their attitude towards themselves, and, consequently, the behavior model. In some, severe cases, individual home training is indicated;
Psychotherapeutic observation of the family. The parents of such children experience many times more stress than the rest, therefore they are more susceptible to the development of depressive conditions;
home correction. The predominance of the "praise" method, the establishment of a favorable microclimate in the family, the observance of a strict daily regimen;
Relaxation techniques.

Medical correction, currently used for, only in Western countries. Because our psychiatrists try to minimize the impact of not fully studied drugs on the child's body.

Also, if adults are not adapted to ADHD, there may be a decrease in intelligence and difficulties with the perception of information.

From a neurological point of view, ADHD is regarded as a persistent and chronic syndrome for which no cure has been found. It is believed that some children, namely 30%, "outgrow" this syndrome or adapt to it in adulthood.

ADHD and its treatment have been controversial since the 1970s. The existence of ADHD is doubted by a number of doctors, teachers, politicians, parents and the media. Some believe that such a disease as ADHD does not exist at all, however, their opponents believe that there are genetic and physiological causes of this condition. Some researchers even insist on the influence of climatic factors in the development of ADHD in children.

Encyclopedic YouTube

1 / 5

✪ ADHD: how to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder?

✪ Three Important Steps to Correcting ADD and ADHD: Correcting Attention Disorder Diagnosed with ADD

✪ Attention Deficit Disorder - ADHD (ADHD)

✪ An excerpt from the seminar "Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: Myths and Reality" (part 1)

✪ ATTENTION DEFICIENCY: 20 WAYS TO DETECT THE ENEMY IN YOURSELF

Subtitles

Classification

There are three types of disorder: cases with attention deficit (ADHD-PDV or ADHD-DV), hyperactivity and impulsivity (ADHD-GI or ADHD-H), and a mixed type (ADHD-S), which includes all three symptoms.

Prevalence

Impulsiveness

One of the main signs of ADHD, along with attention disorders, is impulsivity - a lack of control over behavior in response to specific demands. Clinically, these children are often characterized as reacting quickly to situations, not waiting for instructions and instructions to perform the task, and also inadequately assessing the requirements of the task. As a result, they are very careless, inattentive, careless and frivolous. Such children are often unable to consider the potentially negative, harmful, or destructive (and even dangerous) consequences that may be associated with certain situations or their actions. Often they expose themselves to unreasonable, unnecessary risks in order to show their courage, whims and quirks, especially in front of their peers. As a result, accidents with poisoning and injuries are not uncommon. Children with ADHD may carelessly damage or destroy someone's property much more often than children without signs of ADHD.

One of the difficulties in diagnosing ADHD is that it is often accompanied by other problems. A small group of people with ADHD suffer from a rare disorder called Tourette's syndrome.

DSM-5 diagnostic criteria for ADHD

According to the DSM-5, the diagnosis of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder can be established no earlier than 12 years (according to the 4th edition from 6 years). Symptoms should be observed in different situations and settings. The diagnosis requires the presence of 6 symptoms (from the group of inattention and / or hyperactivity-impulsivity), and from the age of 17 - 5 symptoms. Symptoms must be present for at least six months, and they must lag behind the developmental level of most adolescents of this age. Symptoms must be present before age 12 and cannot be explained by other psychiatric disorders.

inattention

Often unable to pay attention to details: due to negligence, frivolity, makes mistakes in school assignments, in work performed and other activities.

Usually has difficulty maintaining attention when performing tasks or during games.

Often it seems that the child does not listen to the speech addressed to him.

Often fails to follow the instructions given and to complete the lessons, homework or duties at the workplace (which has nothing to do with negative or protest behavior, inability to understand the task).

Often experiences difficulties in organizing independent tasks and other activities.

Usually avoids engaging in tasks that require sustained mental effort (eg, schoolwork, homework).

Often loses things needed at school and at home (eg toys, school supplies, pencils, books, work tools).

Easily distracted by extraneous stimuli.

Often shows forgetfulness in everyday situations.

The prevalence of ADHD in adults depends significantly on the presence of comorbid psychological problems and diseases: according to a Mexican study in 2007, the presence of ADHD was found in 5.37% of the surveyed from the general population (examined 149 people) and in 16.8% of psychiatric outpatients with non-psychotic psychiatric disorders. diseases (examined 161 people). It is particularly noteworthy that among psychiatric patients, sex differences in the prevalence of ADHD turned out to be “inverted” in relation to ADHD in the general population and among children: ADHD was diagnosed in 21.6% of female patients and only in 8.5% of male patients.

Treatment options for ADHD

In different countries, approaches to the treatment and correction of ADHD and available methods may differ. However, despite these differences, most experts consider the most effective integrated approach, which combines several methods, individually selected in each case. Methods of behavior modification, psychotherapy, pedagogical and neuropsychological correction are used. Drug therapy is prescribed according to individual indications in cases where behavioral and cognitive impairment cannot be overcome by non-drug methods.
In the US, the WWK3 protocol is used for children and the WWK10 protocol for adults. Including for the treatment of children, the use of Ritalin (methylphenidate), a controversial drug with a high addictive (narcogenic) potential, is allowed.

Pharmacocorrection

When correcting ADHD, drugs are used as an auxiliary method. The most common are psychostimulants such as methylphenidate, amphetamine, dexamphetamine. One of the disadvantages of these drugs is the need to take them several times a day (the duration of action is about 4 hours). Now there are methylphenidate and dexamphetamine with long-acting action (up to 12 hours). In the treatment of ADHD, a long-acting form of methylphenidate (trade name - "concert") is widely used. The efficacy of dexamphetamine, methamphetamine, and time-released methylphenidate for the treatment of ADHD has not been fully established. The psychostimulant pemoline was previously used, but its use has become limited due to hepatotoxicity. Other groups of drugs are also used, for example, atomoxetine (a norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor, a group of adreno- and sympathomimetics). Also effective

The occurrence of complications with concentration and concentration, as well as the appearance of a neurobehavioral disorder, indicate the disease "Attention Deficit Disorder" or ADD for short. Children are primarily affected by the disease, but the manifestation of the disease in adults is not excluded. The problems of the disease are characterized by varying degrees of severity, so ADD should not be underestimated. The disease affects the quality of life, its susceptibility, as well as relationships with other people. The disease is quite complex, so patients have problems with learning, performing any work and mastering theoretical material.

It is the children who partly become hostages of this disease, therefore, in order to prevent such a deficiency, it is worth learning as much as possible about it, and this material will help in this.

Description and types

This disease is a deviation in a person that is caused by high intelligence. A person with such an indisposition has difficulties not only with mental development, but also with physical development, which is already referred to as Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder.

Children are the main contingent that is prone to the manifestation of this disease, but in rare cases there are symptoms of malaise in adults. According to many years of research, it has been found that the occurrence of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in adults is associated solely with the nature of genes.

In children, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is quite common, and it can be detected both after birth and at a later age of the child. Mostly the syndrome occurs in boys, and only in rare cases in girls. If you look at the example, then in almost every classroom there is one child with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.

The syndrome is divided into three types, which are called:

Hyperactivity and impulsivity. This species is characterized by inherent signs of impulsivity, irascibility, nervousness and increased activity in humans.
Carelessness. Only one sign of inattention appears exclusively, and the possibility of hyperactivity is excluded.
Mixed look. The most common form, which manifests itself even in adults. It is characterized by the predominance of the first and second signs in humans.

In the language of biology, ADHD is a dysfunction of the central nervous system, characterized by the formation of the brain. Brain problems are the most dangerous and unpredictable diseases.

Causes

The development of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is hidden in several reasons that have been established by scientists on the basis of facts. These reasons include:

genetic predisposition;
pathological influence.

genetic predisposition is the first factor by which the development of malaise in the patient's relatives is not excluded. Moreover, in this case, both distant heredity (i.e., the disease was diagnosed in ancestors) and near (parents, grandparents) play a huge role. The first signs of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in a child lead caring parents to a medical institution, where it turns out that the predisposition to the disease in a child is associated precisely with genes. After examining the parents, it often becomes clear where this syndrome came from in the child, since in 50% of cases this is exactly the case.

Today it is known that scientists are working on isolating the genes that are responsible for this predisposition. Among these genes, an important role is given to DNA regions that control the regulation of dopamine levels. Dopamine is the main substance responsible for the correct functioning of the central nervous system. Dysregulation of dopamine due to genetic predisposition leads to the disease of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.

Pathological influence plays an important role in answering the question about the causes of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Pathological factors can serve as:

the negative impact of drugs;
influence of tobacco and alcoholic products;
premature or prolonged labor;
interrupt threats.

If a woman allowed herself to use illegal substances during pregnancy, then the possibility of having a child with hyperactivity or this syndrome is not excluded. There is a high probability of the presence of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in a child born at 7–8 months of pregnancy, i.e. premature. In 80% of such cases, pathology occurs in the form of ADHD.

The causes of the development of the disease in children are also distinguished if a woman, being in a position, is fond of taking artificial food additives, pesticides, neurotoxins and other things. It is also possible to provoke this syndrome in adults due to the passion for bioadditives, artificial hormones, etc.

Until the end, the unexplored causes of provoking attention deficit hyperactivity disorder are:

the presence of infectious diseases in a pregnant woman;
chronic diseases;
incompatibility of Rh factors;
environmental degradation.

It follows that attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is an unusual disorder that occurs due to the action of one or more of the above factors. The most basic and proven is the cause of genetic influence.

Symptoms of the disease

Symptoms of the disease have a pronounced manifestation in children, so consider the main signs of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in childhood.

Most often, the impetus for contacting treatment centers is educators, teachers and educators who discover some deviations in children. Symptoms of the disease have the following signs:

Impaired focus and attention. The child cannot focus on one thing, he is constantly going somewhere, thinking about something of his own. The performance of any task ends with errors, which is caused by a disorder of attention. If the child is addressed, then there is a feeling of ignoring speech, he understands everything, but cannot assemble the heard speech into one whole. Children with attention disorder are completely unable to plan, organize and perform a variety of tasks.

Symptoms are also expressed in the form of absent-mindedness, while the child tends to lose his things, be distracted by any trifles. Forgetfulness appears, and the child categorically refuses to take on mental affairs. Relatives have a feeling of remoteness of the child from the whole world.

Hyperactivity. It manifests itself together with the syndrome, therefore, in addition, parents can track the following symptoms in the child:

Impulsiveness. Symptoms of impulsivity include the following manifestations:

A premature answer to a question that was not voiced to the end.
Wrong and quick answers to the questions asked.
Refusal to complete any task.
Does not listen to the answers of his peers, can interrupt them during the answer.
Constantly talking off-topic, perhaps a manifestation of talkativeness.

Symptoms of attention deficit hypersensitivity syndrome have their own characteristics of manifestation for different categories of children, depending on age. Let's consider in more detail.

Symptoms in children of different ages

Consider what symptoms are inherent in children of the following ages:

preschool;
school;
teenage.

At preschool age from three to seven years, the symptoms are difficult to trace. ADHD at an early age is diagnosed by a doctor.

From the age of three, caring parents may notice the manifestation of hyperactivity in the form of a constant movement of the child. He cannot find something to do, constantly rushes from one corner to another, does not take on various mental tasks and constantly chats. Symptoms of impulsivity are due to the impossibility of restraining oneself in a given situation, the child constantly interrupts his parents, shouts over them, takes offense and even becomes irritable.

Games with such children lead to devastating consequences: they break toys, splashing out all their energy; it costs them nothing to harm their peers and even older children. Patients with ADHD are a kind of vandals for whom nothing is essential. Their brains have little to no control over their movements. There are also symptoms of developmental delays from their peers.

Reaching the age of seven When it's time to go to school, children with ADHD have more and more problems. Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder are unable to keep up with their peers in terms of mental development. In the classroom, they behave unrestrainedly, do not pay attention to the teacher's remarks, and do not listen to the material presented at all. They can be taken to complete the task, but after a while they actively switch to another one without finishing the first one.

At school age, ADHD in children manifests itself more clearly, as this is actively noticed by the teaching staff. Among all the children in the class, ADHD patients are visible even to the naked eye, for this it is enough to spend a couple of lessons, and it will not be difficult even for a person without a medical education to identify the presence of the syndrome in children.

Children not only lag behind in development, but also try in every way to incite their peers to this: they disrupt lessons, interfere with their classmates to perform any actions, and at a later age they can argue and even snap with the teacher. For a teacher in the classroom, such a child is a real test, because of which the lessons become unbearable.

Reaching adolescence, the symptoms of ADHD begin to subside a little, but in fact there is a certain change in the signs of the disease. Impulsivity is replaced by fussiness and a feeling of inner restlessness. Teenagers are taken to perform certain tasks, but everything also ends unsuccessfully, no matter how hard they try.

Irresponsibility and lack of independence are all signs of attention deficit hypersensitivity syndrome in adolescents. They are not able (even at this age) to do the lessons on their own, there is no organization, planning of the day and distribution of time.

Relationships with peers are deteriorating, as they do not communicate at the proper level: they are rude, do not restrain themselves in their statements, do not observe subordination with teachers, parents and classmates. Along with this, failures lead to the fact that adolescents have low self-esteem, they become less and less psycho-resistant and more and more irritable.

They feel negative attitudes towards themselves from parents and peers, which leads to the emergence of negative and even suicidal thoughts. Parents constantly set them as a bad example, thereby causing dislike and antipathy towards their sisters and brothers. In the family, children with attention deficit hypersensitivity become unloved, especially if more than one kid grows up in the house.

Symptoms of the disease in adults

Symptoms in adults are different compared to children, but this does not change the final result. The same irritability is inherent, plus depressive disorders and the fear of trying oneself in a new field are added to this. In adults, the symptoms are more secretive, since at first glance the signs are due to calmness, but at the same time, imbalance.

At work, adults with ADHD are not smart, and therefore work as simple clerks is their maximum. Often they find it difficult to cope with mental types of work, so they do not have to choose.

Mental disorders and isolation lead to the fact that the ADHD patient finds painkillers for problems in alcohol, tobacco, psychotropic and narcotic substances. All this only aggravates the situation and causes complete degradation of a person.

Diagnostics

Diagnosis of the disease is not confirmed on any special equipment, but is carried out by observing the behavior of the child, his development and mental abilities. The diagnosis is established by a qualified doctor who takes into account all the information from parents, teachers and peers.

Diagnosis of ADHD is carried out using the following methods:

Collection of information about the child regarding the visit to the doctor.
Study of dopamine metabolism.
To identify the diagnosis, the doctor may prescribe the passage of Doppler ultrasound, EEG and video EEG.
A neurological examination is carried out, on which the use of the NESS technique is not excluded.
Genetic examination of parents to identify the causes of the disease.
MRI. A complete study of a person will show other deviations that may have influenced the provocation of the disease.
Conducting methods of neuropsychological testing for children of school and older ages is not excluded.

Based on all these methods, the preliminary diagnosis of ADD and hypersensitivity is either confirmed or refuted.

Treatment

The treatment of ADHD should include a complex impact, which should be due to the use of methods for correcting behavior, psychotherapy and neuropsychological correction. Treatment also implies the impact not only through various methods on the patient, but also the help of parents, teachers and relatives.

Initially, the doctor conducts a conversation with the people around the child and explains to them the features of the disease. The main feature is that such negative and reckless behavior of the child is not intentional. For a positive influence on the patient, contributing to his recovery, it is necessary that the people around him treat him positively. After all, first of all, it is with this that the treatment begins.

Parents have two main tasks that they must perform and monitor this:

Task #1: upbringing should not include a pitiful attitude towards the child and permissiveness. One should not feel sorry for him, address him with excessive love, this will only exacerbate the symptoms.

Task #2: do not impose increased requirements and tasks with which he cannot cope. This will contribute to the fact that his nervousness will increase and self-esteem will fall.

For children with ADHD, the change in the mood of the parents has a much more negative impact than for normal children. Treatment must also come from the teachers with whom children spend most of their time. The teacher should control the situation and relations of children in the classroom and in every possible way instill love and integrity. In case of manifestations of aggression by a patient with ADHD, one should not scold and even more so call the parents, but it is worth trying to explain to him the correct attitude. After all, it is worth remembering that all manifestations of it are unintentional.

For your information! It is also impossible for the child to feel from those around him that he is being treated as if he were sick. This will lower his self-esteem and will only lead to an exacerbation of symptoms.

Medication treatment

The complex uses treatment with the help of taking medications, which are formed according to individual indicators. Medications to treat ADHD include the following:

For CNS stimulation: Methylphenidate, Dextroamphetamine, Pemoline.
Tricyclic antidepressants: Imipramine, Amitriptyline, Thioridazine.
Substances of the nootropic series: Nootropil, Cerebrolysin, Semax, Phenibut.

It is stimulants that have a huge impact on the recovery of a person with ADHD. It was found that treatment with these drugs implies the influence of pathogenetic factors that have a targeted effect on the brain system.

The main advantage of such drugs is the speed of influence on the patient's recovery, that is, the effect of recovery is noticeable almost in the first week after taking the drugs. Among the signs of a cure, it is worth highlighting the manifestation of greater attentiveness, less distractibility, attempts to bring any matter to the end.

Neuroscientist Dr. Amen is one of the leading experts on Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). He learned to identify this disorder not only in children but also in adults and developed a system for the diagnosis and treatment of ADHD, which resorts to traditional drugs only as a last resort. So, what can improve the condition of the child or?

Below I will talk about the six different types of ADHD and how important it is to know your type in order to get adequate help. However, there are a number of procedures that are common to all patients with ADHD, in addition to doctor's prescriptions.

Take multivitamins. They help in learning and prevent chronic diseases. Regardless of the type of ADHD you or your child has, I recommend a multivitamin and mineral supplement every day. When I was in medical school, the professor who taught us about nutrition used to say that if people ate a balanced diet, they wouldn't need vitamin and mineral supplements. However, a balanced diet is something archaic for many of our fast food families. In my experience, families with ADHD in particular have trouble planning and tend to eat out. Protect yourself and your children by taking a multivitamin and mineral supplement.
Supplement your diet with omega-3 fatty acids. ADHD sufferers have been found to be deficient in omega-3 fatty acids in their blood. Two of them are especially important - eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DZHA). Usually taking EZPK is very helpful for people with ADHD. For adults, I recommend 2000-4000 mg/day; children 1000-2000 mg / day.
Eliminate caffeine and nicotine. They keep you awake and reduce the effectiveness of other treatments.
Exercise regularly: at least 45 minutes 4 times a week. Long, brisk walks are just what you need.
Watch TV no more than half an hour a day, play video games, use cell phones and other electronic devices. It may not be easy, but it will give a noticeable effect.
Treat food like medicine because she is. Most ADHD patients get better when they follow a brain-healthy nutrition program. Working with a nutritionist can give serious results.
Never yell at someone with ADHD. Often they seek conflict or excitement as a means of stimulation. They can easily piss you off or make you angry. Don't lose your temper with them. If such a person makes you explode, his low-energy frontal cortex is activated, and he unconsciously likes it. Never let your anger become someone else's medicine. This reaction is addictive on both sides.

6 types of ADHD

Effective treatment for a person with ADHD can change their entire life. So why do drugs like Ritalin help some patients but make others worse? Until I started doing SPECT (single photon emission computed tomography) scans, I didn't know the reason for this. I learned from the scans that ADHD is not just one type of disorder. There are at least 6 different types, and they require a different approach to treatment.

Our research suggests that ADHD primarily affects the following areas of the brain:

The cortex of the frontal lobes - it is responsible for concentration, stability of attention, assessment of what is happening, organization, planning and control of impulses.
The anterior cingulate gyrus is the brain's gear switch.
The temporal lobes are associated with memory and experience.
The basal ganglia, which produce and process the neurotransmitter dopamine, which affects the frontal cortex.
Limbic system associated with emotional state and mood.
The cerebellum is associated with the coordination of movements and thoughts.

Type 1: classic ADHD. Patients exhibit the main symptoms of ADHD (short attention span, distraction, disorganization, procrastination, and lack of prospective behavioral assessment), as well as hyperactivity, nervousness, and impulsivity. On SPECT scans, we see decreased activity in the frontal cortex and cerebellum, especially with concentration. This type is usually diagnosed early in life.

In this case, I use dietary supplements that increase dopamine levels in the brain, such as green tea, L-tyrosine, and Rhodiola rosea. If they are ineffective, then stimulant drugs may be needed. I have also found that a high-protein, low-carb diet can be very helpful.

Type 2: Inattentive ADHD. Patients show the main symptoms of ADHD, but they also experience low energy levels, decreased motivation, withdrawal, and a tendency to become self-centered. On the SPECT scan, we also see a decrease in activity in the frontal cortex and cerebellum, especially with concentration.

This type is usually diagnosed at a later age. It is more common in girls. These are quiet children and adults, they are considered lazy, unmotivated and not very smart. Recommendations for this type are the same as for the 1st.

Type 3: ADHD with over-fixation. These patients also have the primary symptoms of ADHD, but in combination with cognitive inflexibility, problems with switching attention, a tendency to dwell on negative thoughts and obsessive behavior, and a need for uniformity. In addition, there is a predisposition to anxiety and resentment, and they tend to like to argue and go against the grain.

On SPECT scans, we see decreased activity in the frontal cortex with concentration and increased activity in the anterior cingulate gyrus, resulting in negative thoughts and behaviors. Stimulants usually only worsen the condition of such patients. This type I often begin to treat with supplements that increase the level of dopamine. I recommend a diet with a balanced mix of healthy proteins and smart carbs.

Type 4: Temporal lobe ADHD. The main symptoms of ADHD in these patients are combined with irascibility. They sometimes experience periods of anxiety, headaches or stomachaches, indulge in gloomy thoughts, have memory problems and difficulty reading, and sometimes misinterpret comments addressed to them. In childhood, they often have head injuries, or in their family one of the relatives experienced fits of rage. On SPECT scans, we see a decrease in the activity of the frontal cortex with the concentration and activity of the temporal lobes.

Stimulants usually make these patients even more irritable. I tend to use a combination of stimulant supplements to help calm and stabilize my mood. If a patient has problems with memory or learning, I prescribe him dietary supplements that improve memory. If medication is needed, I prescribe a combination of anticonvulsants and stimulants, and a higher protein diet.

Type 5: limbic ADHD. The primary symptoms of ADHD in these patients are chronic melancholia and negativism, combined with low energy, low self-esteem, irritability, social isolation, lack of appetite and sleep. On SPECT scans, we see decreased activity in the frontal cortex at rest and during concentration, and increased activity in the deep limbic system. Stimulants here also cause backlash problems or depressive symptoms.

Type 6: ADHD Ring of Fire. In addition to the main symptoms of ADHD, these patients are characterized by moodiness, outbursts of anger, oppositional traits, inflexibility, hasty thinking, excessive talkativeness, and sensitivity to sound and light. I call this type "Ring of Fire" because brain scans of people with this type of ADHD show a distinctive ring.

Buy this book

Comment on the article "Treatment of ADHD in children and adults: 7 tips"

Discussion

It seems to me that you are absolutely wrong, and with simple logic you cannot distinguish a painful state from a primitive inability of a person to understand the value of things. You are an adult, for you shampoo is not just a tube with bubbles, it is a value expressed in the efforts you put in to buy this expensive thing.
Many children, who are more sensitive by nature, more accommodating, especially girls, quickly accept the parental value system that is comfortable for them.
Many guys, even at the age of 15, continue to tear expensive clothes, change roller wheels at the expense of their parents, and demand new clothes. These are things of the same order, albeit at first glance and dissimilar. And here, well, there’s nothing to be done about it, from the word in general.
If you feel sorry - well, stupidly hide. The only time he will be able to realize is when he himself will earn and live on his own.
And yes, scolding in a very directive form is not effective. Like a background. It is possible (But only in a very calm, not whining, not requiring pity form) to regularly conduct explanatory conversations, which shampoo costs in real life. Go to real sanctions - cut pocket money (compensate for damages), other punishments. There are simply children and adults who have missed something in the sympathetic-emotional upbringing.
The problem with shampoo is the problem of the inability to sympathize with an adult (in this case, a woman who "sweat and blood" earned on expensive shampoo. And not with some uncontrollable moments or obsession.

I remember myself very well at the age of 6-10 years. She also invented all sorts of heresy. I emptied the refrigerator - I made "cakes". It was just the grafted complex of guilt before my mother that even had an unnecessarily effect on me - I quickly stopped "cooking".
Although the weapons of the parents were increasingly used against them. For example, she told me what wonderful things my friends have. And she didn’t ask for anything directly, she even denied desires. This is where the guilt complex of the parents arose. So the main thing is not to overdo it.

06/21/2018 07:50:26, Lion0608

Buy bubble bath. And show how much and how to pour.

Minimal brain dysfunction (MMD) is a widespread form of neuropsychiatric disorders in childhood, it is not a behavioral problem, not the result of poor education, but a medical and neuropsychological diagnosis that can only be made based on the results of special diagnostics. The external manifestations of the disease in children with minimal brain dysfunctions, which teachers and parents pay attention to, are often similar and usually ...

Treatment of ADHD in children and adults: 7 tips. 3. Seminars about children with ADHD from the mother of an ADHD child and the organizer of the forum "Our inattentive hyperactive children" Moscow mothers praise psychiatrist Elisey Osin.

Discussion

It’s hard for me to judge your child, but my little one, for example, on the playground constantly runs forward, looks back, as a result either stumbles and falls, or crashes his forehead into a pole. Well, let's raise your hand forward and yell "There!" Rushing anywhere - this is his signature number - I just have time to catch. He definitely doesn’t have ADHD, neurologists had it, they said everything is OK, it’s just that temperament, plus age.

Maybe not. Do you have a Syrian hamster? Wait another six months, at least another six months. Many children from DD do not have a sense of danger and self-preservation, like the Syrian hamster has a sense of the edge.)))

A rat, a pig, a kitten planted on the table will not fall - there is a sense of the edge.

According to DSM IV, there are three types of ADHD: - Mixed type: hyperactivity combined with attention disorders. This is the most common form of ADHD. - Inattentive type: attention disorders predominate. This type is the most difficult to diagnose. - Hyperactive type: hyperactivity predominates. This is the rarest form of ADHD. _______________ () Of the following signs, at least six must remain in the child for at least 6 months: INATTENTION 1. Often unable to keep attention on ...

In the wake of my posts from a week ago. I was faced with the fact that a detailed description of my experience caused a sharp rejection in many experienced mothers, up to complete rejection. I see different reasons here :) I want to write my opinion on the advisability of sharing my experience with beginners. Just imagine, a young inexperienced mother of a 5-month-old baby. The baby is teething and he does not give rest to his mother day or night. And now a mother with 5 months of experience meets, walking in the park, a mother with ...

12/11/2014 00:32:13, stitchmag

It seems to me that this community was created to share, help, advise. Personally, your experience is very close to me. But all children are different, so the reaction is different. My girl is similar to yours and at one time I came to the same thoughts as you. Good luck and write, share!

How to deal with a hyperactive child? Where can the parents of this living perpetual motion machine be patient, unable to sit still for a couple of minutes? And how to respond to the persistent recommendations of educators or teachers to check the child with a neurologist. After all, a normal child cannot be so restless. Obviously some kind of pathology ... Of course, one of the main tasks of parents is to ensure that the child grows up healthy and develops correctly. Of course, we listen to...

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder begins at the age of 3 years. Much is said about the causes of poor concentration of attention, excessive impulsiveness. Yuri Burlan's system-vector psychology for the first time identified the real causes of SHVD. The fact is that this terrible diagnosis can only be made to certain children, children with a sound vector. It is the erogenous zone of the sound engineer - the ears - that becomes the weak point on which the cry of the parents has a deadly effect. What...

Treatment of ADHD in children and adults: 7 tips. How to raise a hyperactive child? If there is a child in the family with a diagnosis of ADHD (attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder), it seems that there are a lot of them.

Discussion

Oh, it's difficult with this ADHD, anything can be, it may not even be ADHD, but just a reaction to something, jealousy, etc. My neurologist also wrote this to me at the age of 5, by 7 there was a schizotypal disorder in question. Well, a lot of things happened during this time, of course. Maybe he doesn't...
And the advice is patience, patience, patience ... And bend your own and only your own policy. To insist, to convince of the need, to spend time together (not just next to each other, but to do some kind of joint business).
There is no need to be afraid of psychiatrists either, just go to them privately and choose, choose the interested person.

Introduce a clear, clear and hard daily routine
- write and speak family rules between adults - what is possible and what is not. clearly, clearly and understandably. everyone to always behave with the child in accordance with them and require the child to fulfill them
-adults to be the master of the house and the king of the situation
- find a good psychiatrist, and preferably two, who will examine and treat your child

According to world statistics, 39% of preschool children are diagnosed with a "hyperactive child", but is this diagnosis true for all children who bear this label? Among the symptoms of hyperactivity are increased motor activity, excessive impulsivity and even lack of attention. But if we consider these criteria, then every child can fit at least one of them. The system-vector psychology of Yuri Burlan for the first time reveals the secret of human properties. So big...

What is childhood hyperactivity? Usually, symptoms in children begin to occur at the age of 2-3 years. However, in most cases, parents see a doctor when the child begins to go to school, and he is found to have problems with learning, which are the result of hyperactivity. In the behavior of the child, this manifests itself as follows: restlessness, fussiness, anxiety; impulsiveness, emotional instability, tearfulness; ignoring the rules and norms of behavior; having problems with...

Mini-lecture "How to help a hyperactive child" Keeping in mind the individual characteristics of hyperactive children, it is advisable to work with them at the beginning of the day, and not in the evening, reduce their workload, take breaks in work. Before starting work (classes, events), it is advisable to conduct an individual conversation with such a child, having agreed in advance the rules for the implementation of which the child receives a reward (not necessarily material). A hyperactive child needs to be encouraged more often...

Let's divide our article into two parts. In the first part, we will talk about what attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is and how to understand that your baby has ADHD, and in the second part we will discuss what can be done with a hyperactive child, how to educate, teach and develop him. If you know for sure that your child has ADHD - you can go directly to the second part of the article, if not, then I advise you to read the article in its entirety. Part one. Syndrome of hyperactivity and deficiency ...

Discussion

Our boy is 4 years old and doesn’t talk at all, the doctors said wait up to three years, they can’t say anything, now, as I myself understood, he already has hyperactivity, doesn’t sit still, doesn’t understand anything, etc., but sometimes he doesn’t go to the potty, how to deal with him in terms of speech development

02/06/2019 20:15:59, Arman

My son did the same thing until the 2nd grade, but not from a lack of attention, but from the mind, as it turned out. He was bored. The values went from below normal to above normal. Many parents who have developed children have the same complaint, I do not see any problem, she is most likely not interested. Well, my truth also worked as a clown, at first the teachers hinted to me that he was most likely the rest and poured out complaints, now I see delight in the eyes. My son has a child with ADHD in his class. That child does not have time to do anything because he is busy making faces, running away from the classroom, teachers running after him, he has serious violations in the field of social communication and aggression.

I already wrote that I started giving Inessa Taurine. The capsule is large, Inessa drinks well, it seems to me that there is a positive effect. But I found out that it turns out that Taurine is taken in combination with Tianine and Carnosine. I learned this sequentially. At first I read that I should drink Taurine with Tianine and only then something else with Carnosine, so it turned out that I ordered everything separately. It is a pity that there is no one to consult with, which amino acids and in what combination and in what ...

Your baby cannot sit still for a minute, rushes like mad and sometimes it just makes you dazzle in your eyes .. Perhaps your fidget belongs to the group of hyperactive children. Children's hyperactivity is characterized by inattention, impulsivity, increased motor activity and excitability. Such children are constantly on the move: pulling clothes, wrinkling something in their hands, tapping their fingers, fidgeting in a chair, spinning, cannot sit still, chew something, stretch their lips ...

On May 15, the swimming season officially opened in Moscow. In the Northwestern District, swimming is allowed only on two beaches in Serebryany Bor. There are already installed changing cabins, cafes, toilets, showers, rental of sun loungers and sports equipment.

German scientists from the Ruhr University argue that doctors too often diagnose children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), writes Moskovsky Komsomolets. “The researchers, as part of the study, interviewed more than 1,000 child and adolescent psychotherapists and psychiatrists across Germany about their guidelines for diagnosing children with ADHD. Western psychiatrists have presented further evidence that such a disorder simply does not exist, and children are being treated in vain ...

Discussion

I don't understand what the controversy is about. A good article, for the first time I see it in clear text that MMD is not a medical diagnosis. It always seemed to me that a medical diagnosis should be based on a physiological pathology revealed in one way or another, and MMD is just that, they looked at the child and decided that something was wrong with him. And no encephalograms, emerai or something else, even a blood test is not necessary. So the nanny looked at the child and said: not everything is in order with his head, well, not so much, then they would immediately write UO or mental retardation, and so, a little, in the end we get the diagnosis of MMD. And if you look at the topic below, then from the point of view of many employees of "institutions", and many doctors, orphans a priori have something wrong with their heads. So we get such diagnoses en masse: in infants, perinatal hypoxia and encephalopathy, in older children, MMD, and so on.
So everything is written correctly in the article and explains a lot, what is there to break spears about?

04/01/2006 05:29:47 PM, ssss

and really, what was the point of trying so hard to post this "good article" here. There are a lot of different diagnoses, MMD and ADHD are not the most common, according to BlackScore. Why rush about in advance, we solve issues as they come.

30.03.2006 18:42:56, Also an adoptive parent