Honored Artist or People's Artist: which is higher in rank? What benefits does the title "People's Artist of Russia" give?

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Not all actors, singers and musicians receive the title of Honored Artist. To become one, you need to go through a long thorny path where troubles, obstacles will come across, there will be people who are not averse to putting talented person spokes in the wheels, even if he is their friend and colleague. But there is no need to give up, you need to work long and hard. And then the reward and recognition will find you.

Who is entitled to the title?

The honorary status is assigned to persons working in the field of cinema, variety art, theater, ballet, workers in the music and circus fields, as well as radio and television workers, and so on. A person applying for the title of "Honored Artist" must work 20 years or more and achieve public recognition.

How is it possible to receive a state award?

In 2010, a special decree issued by the President of the Russian Federation was issued stating that this high rank is awarded to an employee only when he has worked in the field of art for more than 20 years. But that's not all. The candidate for the title must have any awards or promotions (diplomas, diplomas, grants) issued federal authorities or bodies state power subjects of the Russian Federation. This means that the future honored artist of the theater, cinema, etc. will receive the title due to him only upon reaching the age of 38, provided that the person has started working in various creative teams from 18 years old.

Of course, just 20 years of work in the cinema or theater to get the status of an honored artist is not enough. It is necessary to make a great contribution to art or its development, for example, to make a film that will become popular, to play successfully in many performances, to achieve fame and recognition of one's name. If the future honored artist meets all of the above requirements, you can safely apply for the title. But before you write an appeal, you need to draw up a petition for an award. This is usually done by the director or head of the institution where the talented employee works, or his team. In other words, at the place of permanent work of a person. If, for some reason, the future honored artist does not work anywhere, then the petition is drawn up where he spent vigorous activity in the field of arts.

What is the difference between an honored artist and a folk artist? What title is preferred?

It is more difficult to become a people's artist than a well-deserved one. This does not mean that getting the status of the second is easier than a lung. You have to work hard. To receive the title of "Honored Artist of Russia", you need to work for the benefit of art for at least 20 years. For those who have chosen ballet as their specialty, this period is reduced to 10 years. But to become a people's artist, you need to work another 10 years after receiving the title of honored. For those who practice ballet dancing, the time is again reduced to 5 years.

Summing up, we can say that to the question of which title is better - honored or people's artist, one can confidently answer that it is better to be second. However, they cannot become until the status of the first is obtained.

Special privileges in the USSR

Of course, this is not the only difference in titles. A people's artist is now entitled to more privileges and awards than a well-deserved one. If the second in the days of the USSR, when traveling on tour, was given a place in a compartment and a shabby hotel room, then the first was given more honors. The car stood out no lower than the sleeping one, and the place where the actor was located was chic. In addition, folk artists received and receive a good salary increase, vouchers to a sanatorium, and earlier, when going to a performance and leaving it, an art worker was given a car that drove and brought him back and forth. Now this privilege, unfortunately, has been canceled.

Honored Artists of Russia

Singer Leonid Agutin got into the honorary lists of recognized artists. He is the son of a musician and teacher, followed in the footsteps of his father and at the age of six he studied at music school. Then he graduated from the Moscow jazz school, served in the army, and then seriously took up the career of a singer and musician. His award found an addressee in 2008.

The singer Tatyana Bulanova also has this status. Although her relatives are not at all connected with music, like Leonid Agutin (Tatyana's father graduated from the Naval Academy, and her mother was a photographer), the girl showed a love for music from childhood. And although the singer still decided to show off her talent on stage. The beginning of her career, or debut, took place in 1990, and after 14 years she received the title of "Honored Artist".

Mark of distinction

The awarded person will receive not only a certificate, but also a special Chest sign. It is made of silver and has a very beautiful and unusual shape. The award looks like an oval wreath, which is obtained with the help of two crossed tree branches - oak and laurel. At the bottom of the award there is a beautiful bow, and at the top - National emblem. In the center, right on the wreath, there is an inscription that reads: "Honored Artist". There is a pin on the back of the badge so that it can be attached to a jacket. Traditionally, this is done on the right side of the chest.

Summing up

This award, which was carefully considered in the article, is difficult to obtain, but possible. It should only be remembered that not a single achievement will be obtained if one does not make titanic efforts and does not devote oneself to achieving the cherished goal. It's not for nothing that they say that dreams do come true. Just enough strong desire. And then the title will not be just a title.

Well-known figures of theatre, cinema, variety art can become people's and honored artists of Russia. What are the features of the respective honorary statuses?

What is the title of "People's Artist" awarded for?

Rank People's Artist can be awarded to cultural figures in such areas as cinema, television, ballet, music, theater, circus. At the same time, a person can be a performer (for example, in the status of an artist or dancer) or hold some responsible position (for example, be a director, choreographer, conductor, choirmaster, playwright).

Title " National artist» is included in the system of state awards of Russia. The grounds for its assignment may be:

creating outstanding musical works, concert programs, highly artistic images, films, theatrical performances or making a significant contribution to their display in public through personal performance of roles;
significant personal contribution to the development domestic art, artistic culture, education of new generations of creative people;
the presence of merits recognized by the public, as well as representatives of the professional community, experts, critics.

The title of People's Artist is awarded to a person who has outstanding achievements in the field of art by decree of the President of the Russian Federation. Usually, the corresponding normative act is timed to coincide with the Day of the Cultural Worker - that is, on March 25th.

In order to receive the title of People's Artist, a person, as a rule, must have work experience in the field of art, which is at least 10 years after being awarded another Russian honorary title - Honored Artist. Consider what are the conditions for its receipt by artists.

What is the title of "Honored Artist" awarded for?

Rank honored artist, as well as the status of a people's artist, is assigned to representatives of the same areas of art and professional roles. Similarly, it is included in the system of Russian state awards.

The grounds for conferring the title of Honored Artist are as follows:

the presence of a representative of the art sphere of personal merits in the creation of cinema, theatrical productions, highly artistic images, concert programs, musical works that are highly appreciated by the public and recognized by representatives of the professional community, experts, critics;
personal participation of a representative of the field of art in the preservation, as well as the development of artistic schools (primarily national ones), in the development classic looks Russian culture;
active participation of a representative of the sphere of art in socially significant cultural events - concerts and various performances, which are aimed at educating young people, popularizing national culture Russian Federation abroad, are associated with charitable activities;
active participation of a representative of the arts in concert activity, the organization of theatrical performances, the creation of various cultural programs, which, again, received public recognition, and also allowed Russian artists to adequately represent their country abroad at various festivals.

The title of Honored Artist, as a rule, is awarded on the condition that the total work experience of a person in the field of art is at least 20 years from the date of commencement of activities in the field of culture and creativity. But ballet dancers have the right to claim the corresponding award 10 years after the start of creative work. The title of Honored Artist is awarded to a person, provided that he has industry awards from government departments.

As in the case of the title of people's artist, the status of an honored worker of culture is acquired by a person after the President of the Russian Federation issues a corresponding decree - on the basis of documents from the State Awards Commission.

Comparison

The main difference between a people's artist and an honored artist is that the former receives his title if he has a significantly longer experience in the field of art, and also, as a rule, on the condition that he already has the title of honored artist. Which can be acquired by a theater, cinema or pop artist in 10 or 20 years (in the first case, the title in question can be received by ballet dancers, in the second - by figures in other areas of art if both have departmental awards).

The title of an honored artist, therefore, precedes the status of a people's artist - a person can receive a second status 10 years after the award of the first award.

Both state awards are united by generally similar award criteria, as well as the fact that both titles are awarded by decree of the President of the Russian Federation.

Having determined the difference between a folk and honored artist, we will record the conclusions in a small table.

Table

National artist	Honored Artist
What do they have in common?
Similar award criteria
The condition for obtaining the title of people's artist is the status of an honored artist
Both titles are included in the system of state awards
Both titles are awarded by decree of the President of Russia
What is the difference between them?
Assumes a longer experience of a person’s activity in the field of art - as a rule, in general, it should be at least 30 years (20 years for ballet dancers) if the applicant has industry awards from government departments	It assumes a shorter period of human activity in the field of art - at least 20 years (10 years for ballet dancers) if the applicant for the corresponding title has industry awards

On TV we often hear "Honored Artist of Russia", "People's Artist of Russia". What do these titles mean? What privileges and benefits are due to the holders of these titles? How is the work of the honored and the people evaluated? Let's figure it out.

The title of "Honored Artist": the nuances of the award

The title of honored is awarded for special achievements in such arts as circus, theater, cinema, ballet, music, etc. The owner of the award can be either a performer (for example, an actor or a singer) or hold some responsible position (for example, a director or playwright). To receive an award, you must:

make a personal contribution to the development of Russian culture and art;
to participate in the creation of works that were highly appreciated both by the public and by critics and experts.
take an active part in significant cultural events - concerts, performances;
promote the spread of Russian culture outside the country;
participate in projects that adequately represent Russia at international festivals;
to be recognized and loved by the people as a cultural worker.

Honorary titles are given to representatives creative professions, which have state-level awards in the industry area. Previously, awards were given only after twenty years of successful creative activity. The only exceptions were ballet dancers. They received titles after a dozen years of work on stage. These deadlines are currently not met.

What is the title "People's" for?

The title of "People's" is an order of magnitude higher than the title of "Honored". It is also issued for special merits in the field of national culture and art. It is awarded only after the master of the stage has worked for at least ten years after receiving the title of honored.

Both titles are state and are awarded on the basis of the relevant decree of the President of the country.

The procedure for awarding this state award governed by Presidential Decree No. 1099 of September 7, 2010.

How to get a reward?

A star needs to have connections in order to receive an award. Any organization petitions for the award of the title: a trade union, a theater, a cinema studio. Then the applicants are considered by a commission specially designed for these purposes under the Ministry of Culture of Russia. The committee currently consists of thirty-four members. The commission includes many well-known cultural figures, such as Nikita Mikhalkov or Zurab Tsereteli.

Each candidate for a high rank is considered separately. Materials are being studied that can give an idea of the talent of the artist:

excerpts from films;
videos;
recordings of concerts or performances;
text materials.

The Council meets once a year. About one hundred candidates can be considered for one meeting. The decision is made by voting, the vast majority - refusals. The committee recommends approximately ten people for approval. The final decision rests with the employees of the Ministry of Culture.

The selection criteria are not always clear. The council rarely tells why this or that artist was denied. Sometimes the reasons become known and they are sometimes absurd. For example, one famous actor was denied the title only because he had not paid a traffic fine.

Who didn't get the title?

Many prominent and indeed talented people not awarded the title for decades. For example, Mikhail Zhvanetsky, well-known throughout the country, was awarded the title of national only at the age of eighty. Some well-known and honored by Russians stars do not wait for state-level awards. Vladimir Vysotsky did not wait for the title of the people, and received the “deserved” title only after his death.

Nowadays, many actors, singers and other celebrities beloved by the people do not have any honorary awards. These include Ivan Okhlobystin (star of the series "Interns") or Alexander Baluev ("Peacemaker", "Hero", "Turkish Gambit"). Some celebrities themselves reject awards. For example, they wanted to award the title of people's title to Leonid Yarmolnik, bypassing the well-deserved one. Famous actor theater and cinema refused.

How is the award going?

Titles are issued in the very heart of Moscow - the Kremlin, in the Dome Hall. The ceremony is scheduled before professional holiday cultural workers (March 25). Before the award, the artists are called from the presidential administration and informed about the need to come at the set time. You must arrive in formal attire: a black suit and tie. Artists get to the place of awarding on their own.

What are the benefits for "People's Artists"?

During the Soviet Union, the artist first received the title of honored, and after at least ten years he was awarded the title of people. The holders of these titles had special privileges: they were paid a double pension, they were taken to and from the performance on the then elite black Volga. They were given additional meters of living space, served in elite medical institutions, settled in luxury hotel rooms. Now there is none of that.

Today, having the titles of "Honored" and "People's" is simply an honor. The title practically does not change anything in the life of an artist, celebrities do not receive any special benefits.

Video - People's Artists of the USSR who did not receive the title of "People's"

How are star salaries calculated?

The legislation of Russia does not specify how much representatives of creative professions with the title "People's" or "Honored" should receive. Celebrities receive such earnings, prescribed in their contract with the theater, film studio or television channel. There is no single tariff for all. The income of the stage masters depends on many nuances - on the place of work, the number of performances, etc. The existing titles can also be taken into account in the accruals, but this remains at the discretion of the employer. For example, titled artists living in the capital are entitled to incentive bonuses to their basic salary. According to the order of the Moscow Department of Culture No. 963 dated November 26, 2014, additional payments are:

15% of the salary for the title of "Honored Artist";
20% of the salary for the title of "People's Artist".

Retirement of famous artists

All pensioners in Russia have almost the same pension. According to the newspaper " TVNZ”, even artists who had huge popularity, albums sold in millions of copies, and films dearly loved by the people, receive ridiculous money.

Like when the prima donna Russian stage in 2004 she retired, she was assigned only two thousand rubles. Now, thanks to indexation, this figure has grown to 10,000 rubles. Iosif Kobzon receives even less - about four thousand rubles. Such a low pension is due to the fact that he is a deputy and he is charged wages. When he leaves his post, Kobzon's pension will increase.

Valery Leontiev receives a "high" pension compared to the rest - about eight thousand rubles. This is due to the fact that the celebrity is listed as a ballet dancer. They always get more.

Many famous artists live from the income from the money that was earned at the peak of their popularity. Some successful representatives of creative professions do not even spend their penny pension, but transfer money to charity. For example, Lev Leshchenko and Vladimir Vinokurov provide financial support to the orphanage. The rest of the artists, even after the onset of retirement age, are forced to work.

Table. Pensions famous artists(according to the cultural figures themselves and their relatives).

Star name	Pension amount
Joseph Kobzon	4 thousand 300 rubles
Edita Piekha	7 thousand rubles
Vladimir Vinokur	8.5 thousand rubles
Ilya Reznik	10 thousand rubles
Yuri Antonov	11 thousand rubles
Lev Leshchenko	12 thousand rubles
Stanislav Sadalsky	15 thousand rubles
Valentin Gaft	15 thousand rubles
Sofia Rotaru	4.5 thousand rubles
Tatyana Dogileva	9 thousand rubles

Many celebrities live in need. According to producer Isaakov, pride does not allow some artists to report their plight. Artists simply cannot survive on a beggarly pension, so many continue to work. Stanislav Sadalsky works as a presenter. 11 thousand to retire decent life in Moscow is unrealistic. Churikova, Basilashvili, Kostolevsky continue to play in the theater and cinema. Edita Piekha still takes part in various concerts.

Some artists, due to life circumstances or medical reasons, cannot work. Such celebrities include Alexander Pankratov-Cherny.

Famous artists receive a beggarly pension. Some worked for 30-40 years, they were known and loved by the whole country. Many believe that the people who have made such a significant contribution to Russian culture should receive a much higher pension or personal benefits. For example, Alla Pugacheva at one time brought huge incomes. She collected full halls, her albums were sold in millions of copies. On the other hand, you don’t have to worry about Alla Borisovna’s financial situation. Her fortune is about 100 million rubles.

There is also an opinion that artists have a small but fair pension. Now all pensioners receive about the same. And popularity should not affect the income of a pensioner. After all, the glory and love of the people is a gift in itself.

At the end of May, Mikhail Trukhin, well-known from the series “Streets of Broken Lanterns”, became the Honored Artist of the Russian Federation, and singer Dmitry Malikov became the People’s Artist, in June the title of Honored was awarded to actress Lidia Velezheva, and the People’s Award was given to film director Vladimir Khotinenko. As it turns out, now a rare pop performer or popular actor does not have the honorary title of a well-deserved and popular - if not Russia, then at least Chechnya. Why the titles left from the times of the USSR are still so significant and how they can be obtained, the correspondent of Our Version tried to find out.

In the Soviet Union, there was a whole system of distribution of titles. There was a strict hierarchy of the titles of cultural figures: from "assholes" (Honored Workers of Culture) to People's Artists of the USSR. Each level had its own benefits and privileges. According to this table of ranks, not only apartments, cars and bonuses were distributed, but also places in the queue for a doctor or for scarce goods. For example, in the Moscow Art Theater on tour, a people's artist of the USSR was entitled to a sleeping car and a suite in a hotel, a well-deserved one - a compartment and a single room, but the rest were settled in two or three. People, in general, were valued more than anything. They were officially entitled to additional meters of living space, a state dacha, services in clinics and sanatoriums, as they say now, VIP-class, as well as a black Volga for the performance and from the performance. People's Muscovites were lucky twice - during life and after death. They had the right to be buried at Novodevichy or Vagankovsky cemetery capital Cities. And the path to the people's artist of the USSR was not easy: first it was necessary to become a well-deserved in an autonomous and union republic, then a people's autonomous or republican level.

Yuri Yulianovich Shevchuk (who, by the way, is a People's Artist of the Republic of Bashkortostan) was seriously offended in 2005 when he found out that his friends were collecting documents to apply for the rocker to be awarded the title of Honored Artist of Russia

Today, the title of Honored and People's Artist does not give any privileges. Only the badge and signature “n.a. RF” in small print on posters speak of some kind of chosenness. True, in the regions, by decision local authorities artists can be paid extra for their achievements several thousand rubles. For example, in wealthy Ugra, one-time bonuses are established for them from the governor of the Autonomous Okrug in the amount of 30 and 15 thousand rubles, respectively. In the Nizhny Novgorod region, they went the other way and approved the bill "On additional material support for special merits in the field of sports and culture." And now every month they give fellow countrymen with titles 2,000 rubles each.

These amounts cannot be compared with what pop stars earn on tour and hyped film and television actors receive for filming. Nevertheless, interest in titles from our stars is not weakening. Many of them dream of getting the coveted badge, as it is still prestigious. And if in Soviet years one could count on the recognition of the authorities only at a fairly respectable age, then at the present time youth is not a hindrance to rank. Nikolai Tsiskaridze was only 27 years old when he got the opportunity to sign the people's RF, Anastasia Volochkova - only 26 when she received a well-deserved one, despite all the scandals associated with her name. Yevgeny Mironov and Dmitry Pevtsov became folk at 38, circus trainer Mstislav Zapashny even earlier - at 36.

The youngest people's artist of the USSR was 30-year-old Muslim Magomayev. And this was a unique exception that only confirmed the rule: truly outstanding creators achieved the highest state recognition. “It seems to me that it is impossible to take seriously what is happening now,” says actor and People's Artist of the USSR Vladimir Zeldin. - Titles are awarded not for achievements, but for some momentary glory. Today, the “Star Factory” is considered popular. And in my opinion, this is a piece goods. And when the girl luxurious hair, a good figure and a pretty face, beautiful eyes becomes popular - this is wrong.

Previously, the actors were not in a very good financial situation, the salaries were paid small. But this was compensated by titles - honored, people's. With the help of the title, it was possible to solve various social and everyday problems: to get, say, an apartment. This is not the case abroad, but in our country there are certain traditions. I am very proud of my ranks. I received them in Soviet time- I myself am a product of that time - and I value them very much. Then there were a lot of positive things about theater and film actors. Of course, there were Hard times and it wasn't all smooth sailing. But, I repeat, it is very honorable for me to bear the title of People's Artist of the USSR.

IN last years we have a stage in high esteem. In 2004, along with actress Chulpan Khamatova, composer Arkady Ukupnik received the title of Honored Artist of Russia. A little later - pop singer Alena Sviridova. And in Soviet times, titles were rarely given to representatives of the "light genre". The pioneer was Leonid Utyosov: he was awarded the People's Artist of the USSR in 1965 "by age" - on his 70th birthday. He was followed by Arkady Raikin (1968), Claudia Shulzhenko (1971) and Yuri Bogatikov (1985). Even Iosif Kobzon became popular only in 1987. Recognition was awarded mainly to theater and film actors, directors, opera and ballet dancers. And not all - even among the most famous and popular. Vladimir Vysotsky died as a simple artist of the Taganka Theater, just like Oleg Dal. Andrei Mironov became an Honored Artist of the RSFSR at 33, when he had a dozen roles in cult comedies, and became a People's Artist of the RSFSR six years later, having played 18 years in the super-popular Satire Theater. Before People's USSR he did not live. Vyacheslav Tikhonov was made popular only two years after Stirlitz.

After the collapse Soviet Union many artists manage to receive titles in several countries at once, such as, for example, Alexander Malinin - he is popular in Russia and Ukraine. Nikolai Baskov became popular in Russia, Ukraine and Chechnya. The audience simply does not know many of the newly-minted laureates, and of those who are known, half are not considered serious artists. Not everyone understands what highly artistic images were created, for example, by Anastasia Melnikova, Anna Kovalchuk or Anastasia Zavorotnyuk.

“Today these titles are completely meaningless. It is enough to look at our television, where some voiceless boys and girls are desperately jumping. This is a complete profanation, - says the singer and the head of the Center opera singing Galina Vishnevskaya. - An artist should not have a title, but a name that speaks for itself. In general, I believe that these titles are now formal and not needed. This was in Soviet times, since they existed, they had to be received. Then it was like this: no title means you are worthless. Accordingly, the attitude towards you, especially in the eyes of officials, who care little about your talents, but only about titles and awards. Well, then it gave some benefits. For example, they immediately called me and said that they were attaching me to the Kremlin polyclinic. And that really mattered."

Some of the artists do not even want to go to the honored ones for some time - as it should be, but they want to immediately go to the folk ones. So, permanent leader“DDT” Having made sure that, according to the regulations of the people, they can only be awarded three years after the well-deserved one, Shevchuk stated the following: “Then I refuse. I am sure that if they want it from above, they will give the people's one without any conditions.

Indeed, not everywhere in Russia from the well-deserved to the national path is so long. In Chechnya, it happens that seconds count. In 2005 on anniversary evening children's choreographic ensemble of Chechnya "Ziya" Diana Gurtskaya sang her new song"Wounded Bird" and the only one of domestic stars said hello to Chechen language. Suddenly, the then President Alu Alkhanov rose on stage and announced: after a conversation that had just taken place with Aslambek Aslakhanov, aide to the President of Russia, a unanimous decision was made to award Diana the title of Honored Artist of the Chechen Republic, which quickly transformed into a popular one. And Nikolai Baskov generally remained in the status of an honored artist of the Chechen Republic for only a few seconds. When in Gudermes, at a gala concert in honor of Ramzan Kadyrov being awarded the title of Hero of Russia, Nikolai was informed about the new status by the Minister of Culture, the hero of the occasion immediately corrected: the Basque is not deserved, but popular.

“There were truly folk artists. The same Yankovsky, for example, - said director Alexei German Jr. - I think that this concept (not the title!) has definitely been discredited. In principle, the problem cannot be solved by assigning titles, but the fact that the importance of cultural figures is assessed in terms of the frequency of their appearance on television is, of course, alarming. Therefore, it seems to me that artists should somehow be celebrated, but not with orders or badges. There must be some other recognition. After all, if you look at it, today people's artists are those who appear in the Full House, and this is dangerous, because the entire culture is being discredited. There is no one to look up to, and we pay less and less attention to what is really worth paying attention to.

If pop singers get titles quite easily, then paperwork is still preserved in theaters. Although, unlike the Soviet Union, there are no quantitative restrictions. They say that in order to overcome bureaucracy, you need to guess the moment. For example, titles are well distributed in anniversary year theater and on various holidays.

“Here we need the support of the labor collective, which must nominate a candidate,” said Gennady Smirnov, deputy chairman of the Union of Theater Workers of the Russian Federation. - Then the secretariat of the Union of Theater Workers issues support. This support, together with documents from the labor collective, goes to the Ministry of Culture, where the issue is considered at the board. And only after that the documents are sent to the department of awards in the presidential administration. All this can take from several months to several years. Alexander Kalyagin tried many times through the Ministry of Culture and the government to return benefits and an increase in pension for an honorary title, but, unfortunately, he did not achieve results. The answer is always the same: “If we include artists now, then honored agronomists, teachers, builders will follow them, and everyone will need to increase their salary. For now, the state has no money for this.” But we calculated that all artists who left their jobs and live today only on pension, to establish a monthly additional salary, do not need so much money.