These-Children: developmental psychology, development and education of children. Interesting psychological pictures for self-knowledge Big house behind a high fence
(projective tests to help parents, teachers, interested ...)
Projective tests are used in the work of a psychologist for: a) diagnosing internal emotional state child and b) pulling out problems that are deeply seated in the subconscious of an adult.
One of the most common projective drawing tests is DDCH test- "House. Wood. Human". He works with archetypes and therefore very accurately diagnoses problems from our subconscious.
But the same can be said about adults! Clever reasoning of an adult about himself and his affairs does not clarify, but more often only confuses the situation even more. After all "language is used to hide the truth"...
For a more detailed acquaintance with this elementary position of psychoanalysis, I refer you to the article.
And we are moving on to the first part of the DCF test - in fact, to the drawing Human.
I remind you that the drawing test should be created easily and naturally, without thinking that "You can't draw." If you can draw, create a naive drawing.
Nevertheless - to draw "tyap-blunder", hastily - also nobody should.
When creating a drawing, you need to try, you need to try to put all your momentary mood into it, you need to take your time, but also not worry about not drawing, like a real Artist from the Academy.
1. Take a sheet of A4 paper.
2. Take a simple pencil.
3. Draw, slowly, your little man.
And now, if you have finished drawing, carefully study
Key to the test.
The first thing we will do is pay attention to
PRESS THE PENCIL.
Weak pressure diagnoses
- a) either general physical lethargy
- b) either emotional depression,
Strong pressure diagnoses
- a) strong emotional tension this moment, or
- b) impetuous, impulsive character in general.
HATCHED/UNHATCHED pattern
unshaded drawing(white background) means immaturity, infantilism, unwillingness to be responsible for one's actions.
A shaded drawing can be shaded in different ways:
Heavily "shaded" drawing (when the shading is simply striking) diagnoses:
Preoccupation with a particular problem, fixation on it;
- increased anxiety as a character trait.
cross hatching issues
Or hypercontrol (a person constantly controls himself, plays a role, does not take off his mask, does not trust anyone);
- or constant obsessive thoughts and an attempt to deal with them.
Erasing and correcting lines- trying to control one's anxiety and behavior
Lines not completed- clinical asthenia, exhaustion of the body.
Lines that don't hit the right spot- hyperactivity in children, impulsivity in adults.
Neatness of lines- perception of one's environment as a threat.
FIGURE DIMENSIONS
big figure- anxiety and stress "here and now",
giant figure- desire for expansion (filling the whole world with oneself), inability to build boundaries (“Everything is yours is mine”), impulsiveness
small figure depression, low self-esteem, chronic anxiety
LOCATION OF THE PICTURE ON THE SHEET
Picture above - a high self-evaluation
Picture below- low self-esteem
Drawing in the corner- feelings of guilt, depression
Drawing goes off the sheet- fear (or impulsiveness)
SCHEMATIC OR DETAILS
Many different details in the picture- demonstrative or creative imagination(often one and the other are closely intertwined)
Lots of similar details in the drawing. is either:
- a) rigidity (stubbornness, standing “on your own”, lack of interest in innovations),
- b) anxiety "here and now",
- c) striving for perfectionism.
The drawing is schematic- completely different options are possible (attention!):
Asthenia,
- the same impulsiveness,
- low emotionality
- closed as trait,
- depression "here and now"
VIEW OF THE FIGURE (AN FAS, PROFILE...)
The figure stands with its back- negativism, conflict,
Figure in profile- negativism
Three-quarter figure does not mean anything, it means only the ability of the Author to draw,
figure face- means nothing.
TYPES
rich/poor- obsession with the topic of money,
Military- aggressiveness (healthy or not - other details will show),
King, princess- very high self-esteem
Robots and Aliens- they are drawn by people who experience loneliness in a group, who do not fit into the team, introverts,
Clown, jester- low self-esteem,
Cartoon image of a man- demonstrativeness, negativism, the desire to "get away from the conversation."
BODY PARTS
If (other than the genitals) any parts of the human body are missing in the figure, are omitted - this always means one thing: a person denies the function of this part of the body. For example, "forgetting" to draw ears, a person shows that he does not want to hear someone or something. This is often interpreted as being open to criticism. However, this may also mean that a person is simply tired of criticism of a very specific person, and not of criticism in general as such.
Enlargement of any part of the body- always means an increased interest in its function,
Distortions on the right side of the picture- non-observance of social norms and conflicts with people who control these social norms.
Too big body- dissatisfaction of needs,
Too short body- low self-esteem.
Too elongated figure can talk about:
- asthenia,
- or about the nature of an introvert.
ARMS
Long hands- Passion for hoarding
Short arms:
- the nature of an introvert,
- a tendency to not go all the way, to "retreat"
Hands pressed to the body- strong internal tension,
Hands clenched into fists- an attempt to openly protest,
Palms missing- lack of communication or inability to communicate,
Very large palms- very high dissatisfaction with the need for communication,
Shaded (blackened) hands and fingers- conflict,
LEGS
Long legs- desire for autonomy from other people, family members (desire to run away),
Short legs
- depression,
Widely spaced legs:
- either the character of an extrovert,
- or the need for support
Tightly knitted legs- the nature of an introvert,
Small or not traced feet:
- impracticality, poor orientation in everyday matters,
- passivity
- sometimes - dependence on other people.
- clearly traced legs - self-confidence.
Exercise 1 on the cards "1000 Roads": "Allegedly body parts."
The need for this exercise is its high environmental friendliness, accuracy and novelty!
So, you remember the “golden basics” of this test: even when drawing a “little man” clumsily, the experimenter must not forget to draw everything for the little man, except perhaps the genitals, which, out of modesty and fear of seeming “preoccupied”, usually no one draws and no one sane a psychologist, by the way, does not require this :)
But! If something “ordinary and decent” is still missing, it means one thing: you deny the function of this part of the body! There are no ears in the picture - it means that in life I don’t want to listen to someone ...
And let's trust the Unconscious in Jungian style and do the same, but with the help of the cards "1000 Roads!"
It's even better - no need to draw and shame on the fact that you can't draw ridiculously.
This, by the way, (natural shame and irritation from the inability to draw - although psychologists deny this) is one of the reasons for the "nervous pressure of lines", "evil shading" and the general poor quality of the drawing, including grotesque and satire in the depiction of figures.
It’s not the client who is “neurotic and psychopathic”, it’s just that he, an adult, is naturally enraged right here and now that he was not taken to draw as a child, but now they are making a fool of him and making him demonstrate his ineptitude in some kind of practice, like running in bags or catching an apple on a string with your mouth.
Wouldn’t the psychologist’s request to “skate” or “sing about Lensky’s aria” if you don’t know how, wouldn’t infuriate you? A psychologist should not turn into an animator at a wedding and remember - you need to work with a client in an environmentally friendly way and try not to humiliate him with your creative requests to “imagine something” and other jokes.
That's why we will work with the cards "1000 Roads", thus "drawing" the body parts of our little man!
***
In our exercise "Body as a whole, Silhouette" there are only the following concepts-Positions:
torso,
hands and hands,
Legs and feet
"Right" and "left" part of the picture.
Shall we start?
FIRST POSITION RIGHT AND LEFT PARTS OF THE PICTURE
Ask the client to present (present) his Little Man with the help of (spontaneous !!!) "1000 Roads" cards.
Explain to the client that a person (like any object) has a right and left side, separated by an imaginary axis of symmetry.
Explain to the client that a living person is always asymmetrical, because his “left side” is always creative and “magic”, childish, and his right side is businesslike, adult, serious and responsible for our communications with the world (and utilities).
And now let the client pull out spontaneously (thinking well) two cards and put them side by side - to the right and left, while saying:
this is how the “childish” part of my Little Man looks symbolically,
and this is what his adult side of personality looks like.
It is as if created from these two halves!
Now let's analyze the cards!
How to read "right-left"?
This question is often asked, but here everything is very simple: we always read the drawing the way we, the audience, see it! This is the easiest and most correct (but if your client wants to argue - God bless him, let him read the drawing as he “sees”).
Do you remember that: Any distortion on the right side of the picture means non-compliance with social norms and conflicts with people who control these social norms..
What card did the client's hand draw? Harmonious? Peaceful? Or aggressive, problematic? How does the client interpret this card? (It is most important!)
So what are its relations with the norms of society and with society in general? How does he resolve conflicts? How does he treat people in general? Are there people on this map at all?
Now is the time to do therapy - after all, you saw the problems with your own eyes!
Together with the client, come up with a mini-fairy tale on this card, the purpose of which is to extinguish the conflict, calm fears - help the client with this! A fairy tale on a problematic map can begin “for the rest”, but it must end “For health”!
***
And now we also analyze the "left" - the creative and childish-magical side of our Little Man.
What are our girls made of, what are our girls made of?..
What is the client's imagination and "spiritual thoughts", humor and "flight of consciousness"? By analogy, notice the problems of the second card (if any), listen to the client's story about the card and compose a second, healing fairy tale with him.
Is symmetry harmonious?
You should be alerted if both cards of the client are “adult”, or both are “fantastic”. In the first case, he himself blocked the channel of miracles, self-healing and growth, in the second case, he is simply unable to withstand the battle with housing and communal services, even the simplest one.
When writing fairy tales, level the balance, joyfully "ground" the card that requires healthy grounding (show the client that society is also healthy and not painful), and "elevate" the card that requires Fairy Tale and Dreams.
SECOND POSITION ARMS LEGS TRUNK
The first two cards are, as it were, the “coat of arms” of your Little Man. They flaunt at the top of the table as a symbol of work, like a banner on a tower.
Now ask the client fold the little man "from the cards" 1000 Roads": body, two arms and two legs.
Let the client think slowly, juicy, with taste, and say out loud: “Here are his hands (both cards are drawn at the same time), here are his legs, here is his white body ...”
And now we look at the cards and remember the basics, adapting them (essentially) to our new work.
Legs. The legs are the most important.
"What does the little man stand on?" What is its support - symbolic, philosophical? Is it good for him where he found himself (isn't it a swamp)? Is it clean, is it safe? (Ask the client how he likes it). And who is there on the map - lying with his legs up? Why doesn’t he use his legs for his intended purpose, is he tired or something? From what?
And who left traces here? And who has been standing here for three hours, shifting from foot to foot?
And who here flies on wings without legs? And who here rides in a carriage using the legs of a horse?
Legs are grounding and support, lack of fear of being, clarity and boldness, the ability to live and survive, not to fall face down in the mud.
Sometimes the weakness of the legs compensates for something else (fantastic wings, for example, or a carriage with horses - you take me).
Your task is to find out - and how well does this “other” compensate the client for the weakness of his “real legs”? .. Maybe it doesn’t compensate at all?
The client has to tell the Story on the map, and you register if he has problems on those "Legs", "Stability", "Movement Confident" and "Grounding".
How to strengthen the client's legs? Correct his Story as you see fit, using in the story the symbols and images of feet, shoes, magical potions, according to your feeling and spontaneous insight. The client must have legs. Strong. And walkers.
Arms
Hands are an attitude to money and property, to hoarding and greed. As well as the attitude to aggression, to war, to armament. And finally, to communication, to friendship, to mutual assistance.
In general, there are hands: raking, beating on the head with fists and, finally, friendly outstretched, with a tangerine in an open palm ...
And what kind of hands does your client have? What do the two "1000 Roads" cards say? What can be fixed here? For how many sessions?
Torso. Heart or Womb?...
There are people whose heart is so huge that it occupies the entire body. And there are people for whom the main thing is the belly, the womb. And best of all, if everything is equal. And if not, then we have either an unbearable hysteric or an animal, stupid and also unbearable.
Your client has drawn one card - the torso of the Little Man. What does the 1000 Roads card say? And what does the client say about it? What is there more - the heart or the belly? Balance, psychologist, balance the client's balance!
Ask the client: "What and how do your lovers eat?" Let me answer in detail.
Ask: “What does your billionaire dream about, what does he sometimes cry about?”
Exercise-2 We sit the Man's Head or "Types"
So, we have everything ready, it remains to put our heads on our shoulders. The head is a social thing... Therefore, we take the "1000 Lives" deck.
Let the client (after thinking and making a sacred pause) randomly pull out the head of his Little Man from the deck of "1000 Lives"! Ta-da-da-damm!!
And now the client should say a few words about his person. Pay attention to the following highlights:
the topic "rich man / poor man" - the client is obsessed with the topic of money,
the topic “kings, monarchs, princesses and queens” - the client has an overestimated self-esteem, is infantile,
the topic “military” is aggressiveness, and healthy, constructive or not, you will understand
the theme of any "fantastic fictional creatures", "cyborgs" - the client is very lonely and a strong introvert, it is difficult to talk to him, he is vulnerable,
theme "not a person but a caricature of decent person, a criminal, a scoundrel and a scoundrel" - strong negativism in general, unwillingness to work with a psychologist.
In general, it’s better for you to look not at the diagram, but listen to what the client himself says! You can adjust the "head" of the little man in the same way as in the previous part of the work!
Do you want to know how else you can work with psychological maps? Come into ourofficial online store .
Elena Nazarenko
In psychology, there are many ways to diagnose personality. An experienced psychologist will be able to tell a lot simply by analyzing a person’s body language, his manner of speaking, handwriting. In psychodiagnostic practice are also widely used psychological tests: personality questionnaires, achievement tests, situational and projective methods.
Psychology in pictures
Psychology in pictures
Psychological tests based on pictures are projective methods of psychodiagnostics. That is, they are based on the interpretation of the subject's projections on the stimulus material in the form of semi-structured graphic images and color drawings. projection is defense mechanism psyche, which consists in attributing to someone or something own feelings, thoughts, aspirations, qualities, beliefs. A person thinks out what his consciousness and subconscious are filled with and gives out unique interpretations of what he sees. For example, think: what did you first see in the picture above - a butterfly, guns in blood spatter, or something else?
Overview of popular psychological tests with pictures
There are many on the Internet. Most of them are purely entertainment. The results obtained as a result of passing such questionnaires should not be taken seriously. We will consider the most interesting and frequently used professional techniques using drawings .
TAT
A widely demanded method of psychodiagnostics based on pictures is the thematic perceptual test (TAT). The subject is presented with black-and-white images, most of which show people in everyday situations. A person must come up with a plot for each picture, describe what they think and feel characters.
TAT When writing a story describing the subject, the subject involuntarily identifies with one of the characters depicted and talks about his own problems and internal conflicts.
For example, try to guess what is happening in this picture. What is eating a child and how will he get out of predicament?
Thematic Perceptual Test Depending on the interpretation option that you prefer, you can draw a conclusion about your psycho-emotional state and a characteristic way of solving problems.
Do you think your child is bored? Is he tired of honing his violin skills? Don't you feel in recent times the same for your work? Maybe you need a rest, new experiences? Will the child still take up classes or run away to play? From what assumption you are inclined to, you can judge what is more pronounced in your character - a sense of duty or love of freedom.
Or does it seem to you that the boy really wants to play the instrument, but he was asked not to make noise? Are all your desires satisfied? Do you feel that people around you put undue pressure on you?
Or maybe the boy is experiencing creative torment, he can’t compose a melody? Is there a problem that has been bothering you lately? Do you doubt your ability to solve it, are you afraid not to cope with your obligations?
The violin does not belong to the boy, and he simply yearns for its owner? Are you very attached to loved ones? Your biggest fear is separation from your loved one?
Wagner hand test
The technique was developed to determine the level of aggressiveness. Stimulus material - nine images of the hand, which can be interpreted ambiguously. Depending on the quantitative ratio in which the subject perceives gestures as aggressive and peaceful, a conclusion is made about his tendency to aggressive behavior.
Wagner hand test Rorschach test
Probably the most famous psychodiagnostic drawing test is the Rorschach inkblot technique. The subject must give an interpretation of ten ink blots.
Rorschach test The ability to see a symmetrical figure in a shapeless spot indicates the realism of perception, high level self-criticism and self-control. Discernment in the blots of images of moving figures speaks of a rich imagination. The vision in most drawings of paired images of animals and people indicates significance for humans.
Rorschach test Most people see the skin of an animal or a male figure looking down on the card. Less often they see images in separate fragments of the image - the head of a dog, a horse's muzzle. Perception ink blot in the form of a dominant figure indicates fear of persons with power and authority, including the father. On the other hand, the inability to see on the card this image may indicate a lack of self-control.
There are no professional psychological tests based on drawings with comprehensive answers in the public domain. After all, the effectiveness of psychodiagnostic methods is achieved due to the subjects' ignorance of the principles of test data analysis.
Advantages and disadvantages of psychological tests in pictures
The results of projective tests are more difficult to manipulate, since the pictures presented by the psychologist are neutral in content, and there is simply no single correct answer. For most other types of testing, the “learning effect” is characteristic when passing a test item again.
Psychological tests with pictures, on the contrary, can and even should be used repeatedly in diagnosing the same person. A new reading of psychological pictures by the subjects indicates a change in his psycho-emotional state and can serve as a criterion for successful psychotherapy. If, after passing psychological tests, you have identified increased anxiety or aggressiveness, try listening to audio hypnosis every day for a week to build confidence and compare the test results before and after. If the problem is deeper, then it is better not to hesitate and seek help from a psychologist, for example, Nikita Valerievich Baturin.
Of course, psychological tests based on drawings also have disadvantages. First of all, there is no weighty scientific evidence that projective methods of psychodiagnostics have an acceptable level of validity (correspondence of the obtained results to the set goals of testing). The interpretation of the subject's reactions to pictures in psychology cannot be as unambiguous as, for example, in tests with quantitative indicators.
However, many practicing psychologists are not embarrassed by the lack of "scientific" method and they find it quite informative for their work. It can be said that the success of using pictures in psychology to diagnose personality depends on skill and
The art of interpreting drawing tests requires familiarity with large quantity different options completing tasks.
In order to successfully carry out psychological diagnostics according to Russian methods, it is not enough to know the value of certain test indicators. It is also necessary to master the general logic of analysis, which makes it possible to consider these indicators in their interrelations. Otherwise, instead of a complete picture, we will get an unsystematic set psychological characteristics. For example, such evaluation criteria are given as: "The eyes are bulging - rudeness, callousness ... Eyebrows are rare, short - contempt, sophistication." However, the indicators taken into account when interpreting drawing tests are not unambiguous. So, bulging eyes can appear in the picture not only as a result of rudeness, callousness, but also as a symptom of the presence of fears or as a manifestation of a suspicious attitude towards others. Very often the same sign can be interpreted by two, three or four different ways depending on what other characteristics it is combined with.
Everyone has a desire to understand themselves from time to time: it happens that something is not going well at work or in the family, there is a constant feeling of dissatisfaction inside, and, waking up in the morning, the first thing you want to do is change something. The best thing to do in this situation is to listen to the inner voice and try to find yourself.
Often psychological drawing tests help to know yourself as a better qualified specialist! The visual test you are about to take will send you straight to your own subconscious: answer quickly and get the most truthful result.
"So simple!" invites you to look at the image above and immediately answer what caught your eye first. In the meantime, we will try to look into your subconscious. Well, are you ready?
Psychological tests by drawings
- Man and woman
If the first thing that caught your eye is a man and a woman on foreground, you are one whose energy moves forward relentlessly and whose mind acts immediately. A powerful, bright, fiery energy is seething inside you, and you are ready to plunge headlong into your favorite business. Your desires are strong and your passions are violent.
You know perfectly well what you want, and confidently go to your goal. When you are happy, you literally shine with warmth, but remember: everything should be in moderation. To balance the energy raging inside, give yourself mental and physical rest, change your surroundings more often, enjoy soothing aromas, practice meditation and find time for walks in the fresh air.
©DepositPhotos - Face
If the first thing you saw in the picture is a face, under your appearance lies an emotional, dreamy and artistic nature. Especially brightly your character traits are manifested in moments of strong emotional shock, immense happiness and love. You are characterized by a calm and harmonious lifestyle, love of love and a positive type of thinking.
You easily make friends and quickly find a common language with people of your own. different nature, and your fragile nature is as easy to hurt as it is to charm. Perhaps those close to you are wondering why you are so calm and at times careless, when everyone around you does not find a place for yourself, but you were simply lucky to be born with such an enviable character.
©DepositPhotos - figure in the foreground
We are sure that you are a focused, intelligent and extremely curious person, because you were the first to see a barely noticeable figure in the foreground of the picture. You are often thoughtful and silent, but at the same time you have a special love for all kinds of disputes and debates, because you are one hundred percent sure that you are right. Asking questions and just as quickly finding answers to them is something you can do endlessly.
Your bright head keeps a lot of outstanding ideas that you happily share with others. In general, you are an excellent organizer and purposeful leader, but your stubbornness and overconfidence can cause a lot of trouble. To keep the energy in a healthy balance, associate only with friendly people, learn to control your temper and avoid aggressive situations.
©DepositPhotos
Of course, only a certified psychologist can conduct professional personality tests and interpret their results, and our home subconscious mind test- just a way to once again understand yourself without outside interference. Spend 5 minutes and look into the depths of your own consciousness - we are sure
So, in order for the test results to be as accurate as possible, you cannot read the key before you draw the task. It's in your best interest, so show willpower and do not look at the answers ahead of time.
Stage 1. Take a sheet of paper (or draw in graphics editor on a computer, it doesn't matter). Draw a composition on a sheet, a complete picture on which will be located: house, lake, tree, sun, road, fence and snake.
Stage 2. After completing the drawing, we look at the clue and decipher the picture.
Wood it is you. This object shows a person's self-esteem: what more tree in the general scale of the picture, the more confident a person is. If the branches of a tree stretch up, you are an optimist, a sociable and cheerful person, down a pessimist, or you just Bad mood at the time of the test.
House man's attitude towards money. A large and complex house in the figure means that material values \u200b\u200bare very important for a person. If the house is small, for example, wooden, one-story, money is not the main thing for you. Anyone who has drawn a cottage with many traced details can be considered a materialist.
Lake represents mother. How close the lake is to the tree determines how close your mother is to you. If the lake in the picture large sizes, then your mother is an authority for you, if her small opinion is not decisive for you in life, or if you already have your own children.
Sun symbolizes the father. The painted sun over the tree means that the father is a protector, you are calm and good with him. If the sun is somewhere behind a tree, breaking through because of it, the father is not the main person for you. The further the sun is from the tree, the less your father means to you in life. The sun not fully shown in the corner of the sheet may mean that you grew up without a father.
Road this is your career. If you have drawn a straight and wide road, this means success in your activity. A narrow and winding path of complexity in business. If a wide road leads to your home, it means that you have achieved a lot in life. A drawn road that goes beyond the edge of the drawing, the search for one's place in life.
Snake your attitude towards sex. The more it is, the greater value for you has sex. If you drew a snake far from the tree, on the edge of the sheet you are dissatisfied with sex. A sinuous, carefully drawn snake means the diversity of a person's intimate life.
Fence it is your character. If you drew an ordinary wooden fence, you are kind and fair man. If the fence is iron and has sharp rods, you have a difficult, difficult character. A stone fence shows that a person is strong and strong-willed.
Addition
The location of objects and their proximity has great importance. If the house is drawn across the road from the tree, your material path is only at the start, or there are obstacles.
The sun is over the lake, and next to it is a harmonious family tree.
Drawn next to the tree beautiful snake, which does not touch the lake there are conditions for sex (live separately).
The tree and the lake are separated by a fence, resentment against the mother or a quarrel with her.
